Sunday, December 5, 2010

To Know Yourself - - Chief Instructor's Blog December 2010

Martial artists and warriors throughout the centuries have emphasized the importance of knowing yourself.

Sun Tzu, a Chinese military strategist from the 6th BC noted in his book the Art of War [1], “If you know the enemy and know yourself, you need not fear the result of a hundred battles.“

In Gichin Funakoshi’s, The Twenty Guiding Principles of Karate [2], his fourth principle is “First know yourself, then know others”.

Mr. Kim, our Master and founder of our club, also emphasized this principle. When asked why we study martial arts, Mr. Kim would simply say, “To better ourselves”. A part of bettering ourselves is to know ourselves.

So one may ask why it is so important to know yourself and how does studying martial arts help one to do this?

Why Know Yourself?
From a self-defense perspective, it is critical you know your physical and mental strengths and weaknesses. This way you can fight to your strengths and avoid your weaknesses, as much as possible. If you know yourself, you know what your hot buttons are and how to avoid them or how to handle the situations where your hot buttons or triggers are pushed; whether it is in self-defense or in every day interactions with family, friends, colleagues, etc. Without knowing this, you leave yourself vulnerable.

How Can Martial Arts Help?
This brings us to how can studying martial arts can help you to know yourself. What I like to say is martial arts help us to discover what we are truly capable of physically, mentally, and emotionally.

How many of you can remember saying, I will never be able to do that – when learning a new technique or form (hyung). I recently taught Pyung Ahn 2 to a Green Belt. He said the night I introduced it, he was not sure he would ever learn it. A week later he could go through all the moves and knew them all without prompting. He discovered he was very capable of learning new concepts and physical techniques. He discovered in himself how much he was capable of learning.

When many students are first presented with breaking a board, they discover how much strength and power they are capable of. All of us (or almost all of us) have had similar experiences throughout our study of martial arts. We have learned that we are capable of doing something (like learning a new hyung or board breaking) that, at first, we did not think was possible.

You may also discover in yourself how much patience you are capable of as you struggle to learn a new technique, hyung, concept, etc. You discover more and more what motivates you, and what frustrates you as you are learning new concepts or trying to reach a new rank. You discover how much balance you can have, and how much force you can throw. You discover about yourself how much flexibility you have in mind and body. You discover some of your limitations and learn how to move past them, or compensate for them.

You discover and learn how your attitude affects your physical capability. You learn what events or how your attitude affects your ability to ground. And as you continue to study martial arts you learn other concepts like projecting energy that unlocks other capabilities within yourself. And as you continue to discover more about your capabilities, you realize how strong emotionally, mentally, and physically you truly can be.

I, personally, through the study of martial arts have discovered within myself an immense amount and have grown and continue to grow through discovering who am I and what I am capable of.

I encourage all of you to step back and recount through your martial arts studies what you have discovered about yourself. I also encourage you to continue your studies as you continue to learn “To Know Yourself”.


Regards,
Kelly

"If you know the enemy and know yourself, you need not fear the result of a hundred battles. If you know yourself but not the enemy, for every victory gained you will also suffer a defeat. If you know neither the enemy nor yourself, you will succumb in every battle." ~ Sun Tzu (6th Century BC), Chinese General, military strategist, and author of The Art of War

References

1. The Art of War by Sun Tzu
2. The Twenty Guiding Principles of Karate: The Spiritual Legacy of the Master by Gichin Funakoshi

Monday, November 1, 2010

Free the Mind – Be Like Water - - Chief Instructor's Blog November 2010

In an earlier blog, I spoke of focus and concentrations as critical to becoming a better martial artist and improving your life in general. As you advance, the state you actually want to be in is a state of mushin.

As stated in Joe Hyams’ “Zen in the Martial Arts”, mushin is described by Bruce Lee as the following: “According to the Zen masters, mushin is operating when the actor is separate from the act and no thoughts interfere with the action because the unconscious act is the most free and uninhibited. When mushin functions the mind moves from one activity to another, flowing like a stream of water and filling every space.” [1]

In “Be Like Water: Practical Wisdom From the Martial Arts” [2], Joseph Cardillo describes mushin as “a calming technique”. He states that “The point is to free our mind of all assumptions and negative emotions such as anger, guilt, doubt, fear, and hatred. Whether on the mat or in everyday situations, a clear and still mind will react with more fluidity and efficiently”.

By being in a state of mushin with no negative thoughts or assumptions of what may or may not happen entering the mind, you are able to quickly react and perform smoothly; your body naturally reacts.

In order to get to this state, first you need to practice your techniques perfectly so when you do react the techniques are effective. You need to practice with complete focus and concentration so you learn not to let extraneous thoughts enter the mind. Once you start to master the techniques and concentrate fully, you may be able to enter a state of mushin where words, environment, negative emotions will not interfere with your ability to react and move effortlessly and effectively.

As in focus and concentration, a state of mushin can help you in your general life as well. For example, you would be able to achieve your goals and objectives more easily because you would not let any self-doubt enter your mind. For example, when in a business meeting with your customer you would not let their frustrations or emotions affect your ability to communicate your message.

You can learn to be in a state of mushin through the practice of martial arts, which will help you in general to improve mentally, emotionally, and spiritually.

Regards,
Kelly

“Empty your mind, be formless, shapeless — like water. Now you put water in a cup, it becomes the cup; You put water into a bottle it becomes the bottle; You put it in a teapot it becomes the teapot. Water can flow or it can crash. Be water, my friend.” ~ Bruce Lee, (1940 –1973) American-born Chinese Hong Kong martial artist, actor, and founder of Jeet Kune Do

Reference

1. Zen in the Martial Arts by Joe Hyams
2. Be Like Water: Practical Wisdom From the Martial Arts by Joseph Cardillo

Friday, October 1, 2010

No First Strike- - Chief Instructor's Blog October 2010

In The Art of War [1], Sun Tzu notes that one of five essentials to victory is “He will win who knows when to fight and when not to fight”.

This is a general principle found throughout history of Warriors. It was part of the Samurai’s code of conduct “The Bushido”. Inazo Nitobe writes in Bushido, The Soul of Japan [2], “The question that concerns us most however, - Did Bushido justify the promiscuous use of the weapon? The answer is unequivocally, no! As it laid great stress on its proper use, so did it denounce and abhor it misuse.” He goes on to write “The popular apothegm-“To be beaten is to conquer.” Meaning true conquest consists in not opposing a riotous foe; and “The best won victory is that obtained without shedding of blood,” and others of similar import-will show that after all the ultimate ideal knighthood was peace”.

Martial Arts practiced in its true philosophy continue this concept as part of its underlying principles. In Gichin Funakoshi’s, The Twenty Guiding Principles of Karate [3], his second principle is “There is no first strike in karate”.

Funakoshi writes that it is only as a last resort that one would use their skills. He writes “..when circumstances beyond control cause practitioners to have recourse to action, they must respond wholeheartedly and without concern for life or limb, allowing their martial prowess to shine to the best of their ability. This is indeed the true spirit of budo (the Way of the Martial Arts), and it is the correct spirit behind the second principle.”

Han Moo Kwan Tae Kwon Do also has this principle at its core. In sparring, Mr. Kim never attacked first; he always waited for the other person to attack. This is one way Mr. Kim practiced the essence of use of martial arts for self-defense only.

Students of Han Moo Kwan should be aware of surroundings and avoid confrontation and try to de-escalate confrontation or conflict if possible. If options to avoid confrontation or conflict are exhausted, and no other option exists, then and only then, should the techniques learned in Han Moo Kwan Tae Kwon Do be used to physically defend oneself. By doing so, we practice the true principle of our art form and follow in the tradition of the code of conduct of Warriors for centuries.

Regards,
Kelly

The correct understanding of Karate and its proper use is Karate-do. One who truly trains in this do [way] and actually understands Karate-do is never easily drawn into a fight. ~ Gichin Funakoshi (1868-1957), founder of Shotokan Karate

References:
1. The Art of War by Sun Tzu
2. Bushido, The Soul of Japan by Inazo Nitobe
3. The Twenty Guiding Principles of Karate: The Spiritual Legacy of the Master by Gichin Funakoshi

Wednesday, September 1, 2010

Advancing in the Art Form - - Chief Instructor's Blog September 2010

As I mentioned at the Awards Night in June, everyone improved their skills or knowledge of the art form over the last session. In addition, every person improves at their own pace. Based on what we have experienced in the Club, as Instructors, we are not 100% accurate on who we think may reach certain levels or continue to work out with us in the Club. I personally, have been very surprised at times on who continues and makes this a part of their life versus something they do for a couple of years.

With that said, martial arts is a journey and commitment. We recognize, due to many reasons including life changes that continuing the practice within the Club can be difficult at times.

Since the Club started in 1973, we have on record 570 students testing (which means there have probably been close to 1000 students that at least signed up for the class, since our experience is about a 50% drop out ratio in the first semester).

Of those 570 students, the break out per rank is:
• 141 Green Belts (25%)
• 288 Blue (51%)
• 65 Brown Belts (11%)
• 13 Interim Black Belts (2%)
• 63 Black Belts (11%)

Based on information I have read in books and on martial arts website, around 11% for Black Belts appears to be consistent with other western martial arts clubs. Therefore, about 1 in 10 people who test in our Club reach the level of First Degree Black Belt.

Of the Black Belts, the break out per degree is:
• 49 First Degree Black Belts (8.6%)
• 8 Second Degree Black Belts (1.4%)
• 3 Third Degree Black Belts (0.5%)
• 3 Fourth Degree Black Belts (0.5%)

Therefore 1 of 40 people that tested reaches the level of Second Degree in our Club.

So, how long does it take to reach at least a First Degree Black Belt in our Club? The average in our Club based on our records is 4.5 years. However, the minimum time it took to date is 1.5 years and the maximum is 21 years. For those into mathematics and statistics, the standard deviation is 3 years.

Also, how you progress is different for each person. Each person takes their own path and it depends on what their time and effort in plus what else is going on in their life. The figure below traces four students’ scores until they reached first degree Black Belt and shows just that – students progress at their own pace.



Student 1 progressed quickly and steadily. Student 2 progresses as quickly as Student 1 at first but the progression slowed after that but was fairly steady until Black Belt. Student 3 started slower than Students 1 and 2 but then started on a slope similar to Student 2 after 1.5 years. Student 4 progressed at a slower rate from Green to Brown than the other students and then slightly slower afterwards but continued and eventually reached Black Belt.

So what does all this mean? It boils down to time and effort. Those that made it in a few years work very hard and dedicate themselves working out not just in class. The person that took 21 years took time off and was not part of the Club for years, but then came back and reached that level (if you took out the time that person took off, it was more like 5-6 years). Even for the four students in the figure, the slope or progression was most likely dependent on how much effort they were able to dedicate to practice over that time period.

The bottom line is it takes time and effort to progress and everyone progresses at their own pace and it takes dedication to continue on this journey to reach Black Belt. I encourage all of you to continue to train and continue to progress at your own pace.

Regards,
Kelly

Victory over oneself is the primary goal of our training. We focus on the spirit rather than the form, the kernel rather than the shell. ~ Morihei Ueshiba (1883-1969), founder of Aikido, from his book “The Art of Peace”

Sunday, August 1, 2010

Focus and Concentration - - Chief Instructor's Blog August 2010

As I have said in several of the blogs, martial arts in its true form is to assist one in improving oneself physically, mentally, emotionally, and spiritually.

One of the elements that can assist in every area is focus and concentration. One needs to be able to concentrate fully and focus on the task at hand to be present and to be effective.

To be present is a state where you are totally aware of what is happening now; this instance. Many of you may have seen Brian Rainie’s license plate frame that states “You Must Be Present to Win”. That is the essence – if you are to win, you must be present (in the now).

In martial arts, the Japanese term that is used to describe this state of being is kime.

As stated in Joe Hyams’ Zen in the Martial Arts, kime is described by Bruce Lee as the following: “The secret of kime (tightening of the mind) is to exclude all extraneous thoughts, thoughts that that are not concerned with achieving your immediate goal.” [1]

A street fight or altercation can last 30 seconds to several minutes. It is critical that during an altercation, every moment you are 100% focused on the task at hand to stay safe. To reach that level of focus and concentration where a sight or sound does not distract oneself takes practice.

Every class session you should strive to be completely focused and concentrate on the drill at hand and not let what is happening in other aspects of your life, what is happening across the room, or what lies ahead of you after class be a distraction. If you do not practice a state of complete focus and concentration, you will not be able to easily get to this state when you absolutely need to.

Practicing forms (Hyung) are also a great way to practice concentration and focus and being in the moment. When practicing your forms you should be able to go through the forms with no extraneous thoughts entering your mind. You should focus and concentrate on each technique one at a time without thinking about the last technique or the upcoming technique until you finish the current technique. If you start going through the forms and other thoughts enter, stop and start over. See if you can get through your forms with no other thoughts entering and you are clear and present in the moment for each technique.

Meditation is one way to work on being able to concentrate and focus. There are many classes and sessions in meditation around the Bay Area if you would like to learn to meditate.

Regards,
Kelly


“When you train, do so as if on the battlefield. Your eyes should glare, shoulders drop, and body harden. You should always train with intensity and spirit as if actually facing the enemy, and in this way you will naturally be ready”. ~ Anko Itosu (1830–1915), Okinawan Karate Master, from his letter 10 Precepts of Karate written in 1908

Reference

1. Zen in the Martial Arts by Joe Hyams

Thursday, July 1, 2010

Respecting the Art Form - - Chief Instructor's Blog July 2010

In Gichin Funakoshi’s, The Twenty Guiding Principles of Karate [1], his first principle is “Do not forget that Karate-Do begins and ends with rei”.

He states that “Rei is often defined as ‘respect’, but it actually means much more. Rei encompasses both an attitude and respect for others and a sense of self-esteem.” He goes on to state “Combat methods that lack rei are not martial arts but mere contemptible violence” [1].

One reason we bow is to show respect. In our Club we bow at the beginning and end of each class to show respect for the Instructors and our fellow students. We bow to our partners before sparring and other drills to show respect for one another. We bow when we enter and leave the dojang to show respect for the space we practice and learn the techniques. As a side note, in Japanese art forms “Rei” is used as the command to bow.

I believe that one of the reasons martial arts masters used to be very selective in the students they took on to teach was to ensure they presented a sense of respect. For some masters, teaching their style was handing down “secrets” from a family or lineage. For many reasons for many years, martial artists trained secretly and in private. There were many instances where students were turned away from masters. To continue to train, students were obedient, and respectful. Not just respectful of to the instructors, but respectful of the knowledge that was shared with them.

Today, it is easier to find a martial arts school or club to learn from. The information is more open, but it is still a privilege to learn the information. Martial art students still should demonstrate respect: respect for the information and the training they receive by being responsible in how they use the art form as well as practicing the knowledge they have been handed.

To properly respect martial arts, students should strive to master all the techniques no matter how trivial they may seem. The information provided in martial arts training provides information and skills which can have deadly results if used improperly or with the intent of being deadly. Therefore it is crucial students should respect the information provided to them from their Instructors and practice what they have been taught diligently, seriously, and respectfully.

At our Club, the Instructors will provide training at a level appropriate for you, based on your skill set and experience. Appropriate also means you are ready to learn new information because you have gained appropriate proficiency in the techniques and forms you have been taught to date. We want to make sure you are ready to understand and respect any new material but also respect and understand the material you have been taught . In this perspective, we do hold back some information until you have shown you are ready to respect it.

Respecting it means not only respecting the use of it, but also respecting those that you train with, respecting the Instructors that provide the information, and respecting the information provided.

Regards,
Kelly

“All martial arts begin and end with rei." ~ Gichin Funakoshi (1868-1957), founder of Shotokan Karate, from his book “Twenty Guiding Principled of Karate”

References:
1. The Twenty Guiding Principles of Karate: The Spiritual Legacy of the Master by Gichin Funakoshi

Tuesday, June 1, 2010

Benefits of Martial Arts Training- - Chief Instructor's Blog June 2010

There are many benefits from the practicing and studying of a martial art. These include physical, emotional, mental, and spiritual benefits.

Physical Benefits
There are many physical benefits from studying martial arts including, but not limited to:
• Aerobic conditioning which improves one’s cardiovascular system and is an important part of weight management [1];
• Anaerobic conditioning which is important for increasing stamina and endurance and ability to perform short, intense bursts of activity [2];
• Increased muscular strength which can decrease the risk of injuries, supports maintaining a healthier body mass, and allows one to perform daily tasks without being as tasked [1];
• Improved coordination which is a key factor in physical activities that require eye-hand, eye-foot, or rhythmic movements and plays a major role in developing agility [2];
• Improved balance in static and dynamic situations;
• Reduced stress;
• Improved flexibility which leads to, according to the American Council on Exercise (ACE) [1], greater freedom of movement and improved posture, increased physical and mental relaxation, release of muscle tension and soreness, and reduced risk of injury; and
• Improved agility.

Mental Benefits
The mental benefits from studying martial arts include, but are not limited to:
• Improved mental strength which allows gives one the ability to concentrate and focus longer and more intensely on given tasks, undertake obstacles, undertake challenges, and set high goals [2];
• Ability to shift attention and focus from one place to another; and
• Improved mental endurance which provides you the discipline, mental stamina and perseverance to compete difficult tasks at hand, finish what you start, overcome obstacles, and complete your goals [2].

Emotional
There are many emotional benefits from studying martial arts including, but not limited to:
• Increased self confidence;
• More effective breathing which ensures adequate oxygen to the brain [2];
• Reduced stress.

Spiritual
There are many spiritual benefits from studying martial arts including, but not limited to:
• Increased mind-body connection;
• More awareness of oneself and body;
• Discovery of one’s self and potential

If you are thinking that many of these are intertwined, you are right. There are also many causes and effects. Our emotional state can affect our physical. Our physical capability and performing techniques well can boost self-confidence which brings out a positive emotional state. A positive emotional state can make us physically more effective. If we have confidence, we are more focused. If we are more focused our physical techniques are better. If we start to recognize these connections, our mind-body connection is enhanced as is our awareness of our self. We can then discover our true potential and benefit spiritually. Martial arts training has a variety of benefits that support an overall healthier living.

Regards,
Kelly

“Given enough time, any man may master the physical. With enough knowledge, any man may become wise. It is the true warrior who can master both....and surpass the result.” ~ Tien T'ai (538-597 CE), founder of the Chinese T’ien-t’ai sect of Buddhism

“In the past, many masters of karate have enjoyed long lives. Karate aids in developing the bones and muscles. It helps the digestion as well as the circulation. If karate should be introduced, beginning in the elementary schools, then we will produce many men each capable of defeating ten assailants.” ~ Anko Itosu (1830–1915), Okinawan Karate Master, from his letter 10 Precepts of Karate written in 1908

References
1. http://www.acefitness.org
2. Ultimate Fitness Through Martial Arts by Sang H. Kim

Saturday, May 1, 2010

HMK Hyung – What are they trying to Tell Us About the Artform Kicks - - Chief Instructor's Blog May 2010

Hyung are a prearranged series of offensive and defensive techniques (blocks, strikes, and kicks) that are performed in a specific pattern. Hyung contain the foundation of any particular art form. Some believe the true meaning and spirit of an art form can be found through the study and understanding of the art forms’ hyung.

It is also believed that the fundamental fighting tactics required to be effective are all embedded in the hyung. For this discussion, my definition of tactics is an expedient means of achieving an end. Tactics are what you do during contact with the opponent (kicks, strikes, etc).

References [1] and [2] are both contain very good information to explain the theories behind hyung (forms) and ways of deciphering hyung (forms) applications.

So, if that premise is true, what do the tactics within the HMK hyung tell us about the art form?

HMK practices 15 hyung in total. If we review and analyze the tactics in the 15 hyung, it should uncover the essence of which tactics would be most effective in a fight based on the HMK philosophy, its strategy and tactics.

This review and analysis can be at a fundamental level (that is the most obvious technique) or at a deeper level to what the possibility of some techniques are. For the purpose of this discussion and analysis, we will stick to the most obvious techniques.

A review of the 15 hyung and all its obvious kicks that are practiced show that 55 kicks are thrown. Of those 55:
• 34 are Front Kicks* (62 %** of the total)
• 19 are Stamping Side Kicks (35%** of the total)
• 2 are Crescent Kicks (4%** of the total)

*Note that for this analysis there is not a differentiation between a front kick from a Natural Stance or a Rear Leg Front Kick from an Attack Stance
** Note these numbers are rounded


So, from the analysis, we can conclude the kicking tactics you’d use most often in a fighting situation is Front Kicks and Stamping Side Kicks and periodically Crescent Kicks.

So, you may ask yourself, if this is the case then “Why are these kicks the most effective?” and “Why bother practicing the other kicks?”. Let’s look at possible answers to each of these questions.

Why are these kicks the most effective?

Below are some of my thoughts to this question. There may be additional reasons as well and if you come up with any, I’d really like to hear your ideas.

1. Front Kick is very effective for several reasons
• Can be throw quickly and easily facing an opponent
• Hard to stop using a linear, piston action
• Can be thrown towards the knee, shins “under the radar” of the eyes of the opponent so they do not even see it coming
• Very effective closer in to the opponent
2. Stamping Side Kick is very effective for several reasons
• The Stamping Side Kick is an effective technique when used to strike an opponent’ foot, shin, or knee
• The kick is low and under the eyes, gaze of the opponent so they are not prepared or see the kick coming
• Very effective as a close in kick
3. Crescent Kick is not a common kick used in self-defense or sparring, but can be effective when the situation arises.
• The kick can be used as a sweep to an opponent’s shin area to take an opponent off his feet. As a sweep, the kick is low and under the eyes, gaze of the opponent so they are not prepared or see the kick coming.
• The kick can be used for defensive purposes and can be used to deflect or alter attacking opponent’s kick or hand technique followed by a counterattack.
• It can also be used as an unconventional attack to confuse a more skilled opponent.
• Effective as a close in kick

Since one of HMK’s main strategy is close in fighting and these kicks are effective close in, it makes sense you see these more often as tactics in the forms.

Why bother practicing the other kicks or heights other than low to the ground?
Below are some of my thoughts to this question. There may be additional reasons as well and if you come up with any, I’d really like to hear your ideas.

There are several reasons to practice the other kicks and kicks that are high and not just low. Some of those include:
• Development of all muscles (hip flexors, quadriceps, calf muscles, etc)
• More kicks give you more options
• Strength
• Power
• Endurance
• Discipline
• Flexibility
• Balance
• Coordination
• Awareness of oneself and body

The hyung can not account for every situation, every encounter, and every angle of attack. Other kicks such as side kick, turnaway kick, back kick have their place and times to be used in a self-defense situation. The hyung are telling us that the most effective kicks for close-in fighting.

Regards,
Kelly

“Always practice kata with its practical use in your mind.” ~ Anko Itosu (1830-1915), Okinawan Karate master

References
1. Bunkai-Jutsu by Iain Abernethy
2. The Way of Kata: A Comprehensive Guide for Deciphering Martial Applications by Lawrence Kane

Thursday, April 1, 2010

Origins of HMK Hyung Part III - Chief Instructor's Blog April 2010

Note: This three part series examines the origins of the Han Moo Kwan forms. The first part discussed the history, and lineage of Han Moo Kwan as well as the origins of the Kibon series. The second part revealed the origins of Pyung Ahn series, ShipSu, and No Pe Hyung. This final part (Part III) describes the origins of the Mepojan series as well as a discussion of the evolution of the forms over time.


Mepojan series
The origin of this series is unknown but all research indicates it came from China to Okinawa. In Okinawan the series is called Naihanchi (which means "fighting holding your ground" according to some literature) and in Japanese they are called the Tekki forms (which means “horse riding”).

Similar to other Motobu’s comments made in his book Okinawan Kempo, he also lists Naihanchi (Ichidan, Nidan, Sandan) as kata “which have been used in Ryu Kyu from the ancient days” and also noted that Naihanchi “are not left in China today and remain only in Okinawa as active Martial Arts [6]”.

Funakoshi wrote regarding the form Tekki “The name refers to the distinctive feature of these kata, their horse riding (kiba-dachi) stance. In this, the legs are set in a strong, straddling in position as if on a horseback, and tension is applied on the outside edges of the soles of the feet with the feeling of gathering the strength in toward the center [1]”.

According to Nagamine in regards to the Naihanchi series “the composer is still unknown, yet these kata were known to the Shuri and Tomari schools even before the kata of Pinan was invented. This is proved by the fact that beginners used to learn Naihanchi instead of Pinan [2]”.

Acording to Bishop’s research, a large percentage of Okinawan karate styles still teach Naihanchi. In fact throughout Bishop’s book it is indicated that this series of forms is the first series taught to beginners [5].

Nagamine wrote (referring to prior to Itsou’s generation), “In those days, the Naihanchi kata were usually taught to beginners. However, if children had no previous knowledge of techniques and were not physically mature, this training was not considered good practice [7]”.

There are several theories related to the origins and changes to this form. Swift writes “There are three kata in modern (i.e. post 1900) karate, with the second and third thought to have been created by Anko Itosu (Iwai, 1992; Kinjo, 1991a; Murakami, 1991)[9],” Higaki also writes that “It is reported that Master Itsou created Nihanchi 2 and 3 [10]. Swift goes on to say “Another popular theory is that originally the three were one kata, but were broken up into three separate parts by Itosu (Aragaki, 2000; Iwai, 1992) [9]”. Bishop wrote that “Itsou simplified Matsumura’s kata Naihanchi [5]”. Higaki also writes that “In an interview with Choki Motobu, in ”Karate Kenkyu” (Genwa Nakasone) he states that Master Matsumuru and Master Itsou’s Naihanchi were different [10]”. While there is no information found to verify these claims, it is very plausible that Itsou transformed these kata (especially as he introduced them into the schools) and influenced the modern interpretation.

Mepojan series are performed horizontally (side to side) keeping the body level with the goal to minimize torso motion. In many references, it was written these forms were developed to train and develop strength on the lower part of the body including the waist and legs [2], so a “student’s physique becomes naturally adapted to karate [5]”, and “for close in fighting [10]”, and “to immobilize one’s opponent before striking [10]”.

In Korean martial arts, Mepojan can also been seen in literature written as Naihanji Hyung (which means “knight on a horse”). Throughout my research, I have not been able to find a translation for Mepojan. The Han Moo Kwan version of Mepojan series is very similar to those taught in the karate and Korean styles mentioned in Table 1 although there are some differences. It is most likely that Mr. Chun Sang Sup based his Korean version of the form on the Japanese Tekki and brought the form to Korea where he taught it to Mr. Lee Kyo Yoon who, in turn, taught to Mr. Kim who retained them for our Han Moo Kwan club.

Evolutions of the Forms
Over the years, the forms have changed; sometimes on purpose and sometimes due to the tradition of teaching the martial arts verbally, the many different interpretations of the meaning of the techniques within the forms, as well as instructors intentionally changing them to better suit their style.

Nagamine writes [2] “Because of the secrecy in which karate had to be practiced and the total reliance on oral tradition, no single well-documented theory on the origins and the development of the kata was formulated. There are as many theories concerning the origins and execution of the kata as there are schools of karate.” He goes on to write “Consequently, the manner in which kata should be executed is also open to various interpretations”.

Some of the masters were concerned with the changes and others were not.

Bishop writes regarding Nagamine that in 1936 “he also met Sokon Matsumura’s and Anko Itosu’s disciples, Chomo Hanahiro and Kentsu Yabu, who warned him that the karate katas at Tokyo had changed considerably and that Nagamine should take pains to keep the katas he taught in their original form [5]”.

As an example of changing to one’s own interpretation, Bishop writes, “Motobu usually only taught his own interpretations of Naihanchi that included ti-like grappling and throwing techniques [5]”. Another example is in Bishops’ book where he writes “Chibana believed that one should adapt and develop forms to suit one’s own body and temperament [5]”.

Funakoshi intentionally altered the forms. He writes in his autobiography “Hoping to see karate included in the universal physical education taught in our private schools, I set about revising the kata so as to make them as simple as possible [8]”. He goes on to write “Inasmuch as there are not now, and there never have been any fast and hard rules regarding the various kata, it is hardly surprising to find that they change not only with the times but also from instructor to instructor [8]”.

It is likely that the Han Moo Kwan forms, once they were taught in Korea, were changed as well to make them a little more Korean, in line with those instructors’ beliefs, matching their body styles, etc. We also know that Mr. Kim made some changes to the forms. It is also possible he changed the forms from what he was originally taught either intentionally or not (he resided in the states for several years before he started teaching Han Moo Kwan, so there is a possibility he did not remember every move exactly how he was taught ). It is not uncommon to hear some of the earlier students say the forms look a little different than when they were taught originally. In fact even some of the students of Mr. Kim today remember being taught some of the moves differently. Some of these changes were on purpose and others, I believe, were due, as in the past, to the oral tradition of teaching the forms and no written documentation to keep them consistent. We know for a fact that in the early 1990s Mr. Kim and the senior black belts made some adjustments; one of those is that the opening moves to Pyung Ahn 3 are now symmetrical. This change was on purpose to make it easier to remember.

I believe, while some changes may be good, further evolution without an understanding of the original purpose and intent of the techniques should be minimized. In our Club, we have strived to minimize any more changes over time through our written documentation and videos to allow students to teach and learn the forms more consistently.

Summary
Based on my research, the origins of the Han Moo Kwan forms trace back to Okinawan karate. They have evolved over the years and changes have been introduced. However the essence of the forms and the value and benefits of learning and practicing forms remains. And while the original intent of their meaning is as many as the students of the forms, for me, that makes studying the forms more interesting.

Regards,
Kelly

“In spite of a street encounter never being the same, the principles of the kata never vary, however. Thus, one must learn how they are applied and how to bend with the winds of the adversity.” ~ Choki Motobu (1871–1944), Founder of Okinawan Tomari-te Karate

References
1. Karate-Do Kyohan: The Master Text by Gichin Funakoshi
2. The Essence of Okianwan Katate-Do by Shoshin Nagamine
3. Tang Soo Do: The Ultimate Guide to the Korean Martial Art by Kang Uk Lee
4. Tae Kwon Do Classic Forms: 21 Hyung--Novice White Belt through Advanced Black Belt by Ted Hillson
5. Okinawan Karate by Mark Bishop
6. Okinawan Kempo by Choki Motobu
7. Tales of Okinawa’s Great Masters by Shoshin Nagamine
8. Karate-do My Way of Life by Gichin Funakoshi
9. Roots Of Shotokan: Funakoshi's Original 15 Kata by Joe Swift (http://www.fightingarts.com/reading/article.php?id=220, http://www.fightingarts.com/reading/article.php?id=221, http://www.fightingarts.com/reading/article.php?id=2212 )
10. Hidden Karate: The True Bunkai For the Heian Katas and Naihanchi by Gennosuke Higaki
11. Hartman, R. (2006). Taekwondo Tutor [Online]. Available: TKDTutor.com [31 December 2009].
12. http://www.iainabernethy.com/articles/article_home.asp


Unpublished work © 2010 Kelly McInerney.
All rights reserved including the right of reproduction in whole or in part in any form.

Monday, March 1, 2010

Origins of HMK Hyung Part II - Chief Instructor's Blog March 2010

Note: This three part series examines the origins of the Han Moo Kwan forms. The first part discussed the history, and lineage of Han Moo Kwan as well as the origins of the Kibon series. The second part reveals the origins of Pyung Ahn series, ShipSu, and No Pe Hyung.

Pyung Ahn series
This series contains five forms and was created by Anko Itsou, a master of Okinawan Karate in 1907 [2], and introduced into the school systems thereafter. In Okinawan this form is called Pinan and in Japanese it is called Heian.

In Bishop’s Okinawan Karate, based on interviews with Okinawan masters, “Itosu had learned the kata Chiang Nan from a Chinese who lived on Okinawa, and later remodeled and simplified into five basic katas, calling them Pinan because the Chinese Chiang Nan was too difficult to pronounce [5]”.

Pinan is most often translated as "well-balanced" and "peaceful". Another translation based on the original Chinese characters is “Safe from Harm” [12, Article 39].

Motobu writes in his book, “As to the Pinan (5 kata) the modern time warrior Mr. Itsou originated this style to use as teaching material for his students [6]”.

According to Nagamine, “He created the five Pinan kata in an effort to introduce and familiarize beginner’s with the fundamental techniques of to-te. To this day, the Pinan (Heian in Japanese) kata continue to serve as the introductory platform in which much of the basis of modern karate-do rest [7].”

Funakoshi changed the Okinawan kata names to Japanese names (therefore Pinan was changed to Heian which translates to “peaceful mind”. As he wrote in his autobiography, “I began to give the kata names that were easier for the Japanese people to use and that have now become familiar all over the worlds [8]”.

Funakoshi in reference to these forms wrote “Having mastered these five forms, one can be confident that he is able to defend himself competently in most situations. The meaning of the name is to be taken in this context [1].”

”Pyung-ahn" is a Korean pronunciation of the term "pin-an". As originally taught by Itsou, the form we call Pyung Ahn 2 was the first of the series taught to the students. Funakoshi reversed the order. “The writer has introduced this change after consideration of their various points of difficulty and ease of teaching [1]”. These forms are taught to Intermediate students in Han Moo Kwan. All five Pyang-Ahn forms are almost identical to those taught in the karate and Korean styles mentioned in Table 1. It is almost certain that Mr. Chun Sang Sup based the Korean Pyung-Ahn series on the Japanese Heian series and brought the series to Korea where he taught it to Mr. Lee Kyo Yoon who, in turn, taught to Mr. Kim who retained them for our Han Moo Kwan club.

Shipsu
Based on the research conducted to date, there is little information available on history of this form. While exact originator of Shipsu is unknown, it is consistently written to have originated from China [3], [5], [9]. In Okinawan, it is called Jitte and in Japanese it is called Jutte. It is most often translated as meaning “Ten Hands” (i.e., the weapon with the power of ten hands).

Bishop indicates Jitte (Jute, Jitti) is part of Kobayashi Shorin-Ryu but not Shorin-Ryu [5]. This would lead one to believe that Anko Itsou integrated the form into Okinawa karate. This is consistent with an article in Fighting Arts.com by Joe Swift. In that article it is stated “Jitte is said to have been taught by a Chinese castaway in the Tomari (the small seaport town nearest Shuri, the capital of Okinawa) region.” He goes on to say “It is not known where Funakoshi may have learned the kata, but Anko Itosu seems to be the best bet. In fact, Sakagami (the karate historian) states that although Itosu modified many kata to fit his physical education tradition, he seems to have left the Tomari kata of Jitte, Jion and Jiin pretty much alone, thus hinting that Itosu did indeed teach versions of these kata (Sakagami, 1978) [9].”

Swift also writes “Although many of the applications of Jitte in the modern Shotokan world seem to rely upon empty hand defenses against a stave-wielding attacker, some believe that Jitte may actually be descended from a bojutsu kata (Iwai, 1992). Unfortunately, neither can be proved with any satisfying certainty [9].”

Funakoshi described this form as belonging to the “Shorei school, and the movements are somewhat heavy as compared with those of the Shorin school, but the stance is very bold. They provide good physical training, although they are difficult for beginners. The name Jutte implies that one who has mastered this kata is as effective as ten men [1].”

Swift writes “Jitte is a kata that clearly distinguishes the upper, middle and lower levels of technique (Shoto, 1914) [9].”

In Korean martial arts, Shipsu can also been seen in literature under the names Ship Soo and Sip Soo. The Han Moo Kwan version of Shipsu is almost identical to those taught in the karate and Korean styles mentioned in Table 1 although there are some differences. It is most likely that Mr. Chun Sang Sup based his Korean version of the form on the Japanese Jitte and brought the form to Korea where he taught it to Mr. Lee Kyo Yoon who, in turn, taught to Mr. Kim who retained them for our Han Moo Kwan club.

No Pe Hyung
While there is a little more information on this form than Shipsu found in the research, it was difficult to track from a lineage perspective. This form seems to have been modified from master to master so greatly that there are fewer similarities in the Han Moo Kwan version versus the Japanese or the Okinanwan versions as compared to the other forms compared in this research.

It is evident that No Pe Hyung is based on forms that are called Rohai which translates approximately to “Vision of a Crane”in Okinawan and Meikyo which translates to “Bright or Polished Mirror” in Japanese. While the exact originator of Rohai is unknown, it is consistently written to have originated from China [5], [6].

In Motobu’s book Okinawan Kempo, he lists Rohai as kata “which have been used in Ryu Kyu from the ancient days” and also noted among a few other kata that Rohai “are not left in China today and remain only in Okinawa as active Martial Arts [6]”.

Nagamine writes “Although the composer of this kata is unknown, it has a long history. The present kata of Rohai has been inherited by karatemen around Tomari village [2]”.

Bishop indicates Rohai is part of Shorin-Ryu but not Kobayashi Shorin-Ryu [5], although other litierature has referred to Itosu’s Rohai. Also according to Bishop, Shorin-Ryu teaches Rohai as three forms, while Matsubayashi-Ryu only teaches one of the three parts [5]. Throughout the research it appears there is a similar trend in Japanese Shotokan, where some schools are teaching one only one form while others teach Meikyo as a series of three forms. This, in my opinion, has added to the difficulty in tracing the origins of this form.

Shoshin Nagamine’s Matsubayashi-Ryu version of Rohai also mostly resembles Matsumora Rohai [2].

In Korean martial arts, No Pe Hyung can also been seen in literature written as Ro Hai. Throughout my research, I have not been able to find a translation for No Pe Hyung.
The Han Moo Kwan version of No Pe Hyung is most similar to the one taught in Matsubayashi-Ryu karate and in the Korean style mentioned in Table 1 although there are some differences.

Since it is obvious that both Itsou and Funakoshi changed this form, the rationale as to why the Han Moo Kwan equivalent is not more similar to Funakoshi’s version (like the other forms) is uncertain. One can postulate that since Funakoshi was a disciple of Sokon Matsumura as well, that he learned that form and it was part of his set of forms he taught at one time. It was this version that was passed along to Mr. Chun Sang Sup who brought the form to Korea where he taught it to Mr. Lee Kyo Yoon who, in turn, taught to Mr. Kim who retained them for our Han Moo Kwan club. This however, is pure speculation, and I have no evidence to support it.

In the final part (Part III), the origins of the Mepojan series will be provided as well as a discussion of the evolution of the forms over time.

Regards,
Kelly

"Even after many years, kata practice is never finished, for there is always something new to be learned about executing a movement." ~ Shoshin Nagamine (1907-1997), Founder of Okinawan Matsubayashi-Ryu Karate

References
1. Karate-Do Kyohan: The Master Text by Gichin Funakoshi
2. The Essence of Okianwan Katate-Do by Shoshin Nagamine
3. Tang Soo Do: The Ultimate Guide to the Korean Martial Art by Kang Uk Lee
4. Tae Kwon Do Classic Forms: 21 Hyung--Novice White Belt through Advanced Black Belt by Ted Hillson
5. Okinawan Karate by Mark Bishop
6. Okinawan Kempo by Choki Motobu
7. Tales of Okinawa’s Great Masters by Shoshin Nagamine
8. Karate-do My Way of Life by Gichin Funakoshi
9. Roots Of Shotokan: Funakoshi's Original 15 Kata by Joe Swift (http://www.fightingarts.com/reading/article.php?id=220, http://www.fightingarts.com/reading/article.php?id=221, http://www.fightingarts.com/reading/article.php?id=2212 )
10. Hidden Karate: The True Bunkai For the Heian Katas and Naihanchi by Gennosuke Higaki
11. Hartman, R. (2006). Taekwondo Tutor [Online]. Available: TKDTutor.com [31 December 2009].
12. http://www.iainabernethy.com/articles/article_home.asp


Unpublished work © 2010 Kelly McInerney.All rights reserved including the right of reproduction in whole or in part in any form.

Monday, February 1, 2010

Origins of HMK Hyung Part I - Chief Instructor's Blog February 2010

Note: This three part series examines the origins of the Han Moo Kwan forms. The first part discusses the history, and lineage of Han Moo Kwan as well as the origins of the Kibon series.


The origins of the Han Moo Kwan forms can only be inferred as there is no historical information that I have found. All the information contained in this write-up is based on my own research. Based on my research of the history of modern day Tae Kwon Do, the techniques as well as the lineages of the masters, it is evident that these forms are influenced or are a direct descendant from the Okinawan and Japanese karate forms. The detailed comparisons of the forms are based on researching videos on You Tube; websites such as tkdtutor.com [11], articles from fightingarts.com [9] and articles from.iainabernethy.com [12]; and literature that has detailed pictures or sketches of the forms: Karate-Do Kyohan: The Master Text by Gichin Funakoshi [1], The Essence of Okinawan Karate-Do by Shoshin Nagamime [2], Tang Soo Do: The Ultimate Guide to the Korean Martial Art by Kang Uk Lee [3] and Tae Kwon Do Classic Forms: 21 Hyung--Novice White Belt through Advanced Black Belt by Ted Hillson [4].

Historically
The forming of the various Kwans in Korea started after Word War II. Many Koreans fought in the Japanese army during this time and learned martial arts from the Japanese and Okianwans who migrated to Japan. The development of Karate and establishment of those forms started in the early 1900s. Based on this and the similarities of the Han Moo Kwan forms to Shotokan Karate and Okinawan Shorin-Ryu Karate kata, I believe those forms came first and were modified by the Koreans in the 1950s as the Koreans established their own schools (kwans) of martial arts.

Table 1 below shows a comparison of the Han Moo Kwan forms to Okinawan Shorin-Ryu, Kobayashi Shorin-Ryu, Matsubayashi-Ryu, Japanese Shotokan Karate, and Tang Soo Do. Tang Soo Do is included because that style, similar to our Han Moo Kwan style, retained its forms from its original kwan (Moo Duk Kwan) and remained independent of the kwan unification that led to the World Tae Kwon Do Federation. The number in parenthesis indicates the number of forms within the series. (Table 1 does not include all the forms from the various styles, but only those that have similarity to the Han Moo Kwan forms. In addition, not all schools of these styles teach all of these forms.)

Table 1. Forms Comparisons

Lineage
In addition, my research has shown that the lineage of our master Mr. Ui Jung Kim follows the same path of Okinawan karate. Mr. Ui Jung Kim’s master and founder of Han Moo Kwan is Mr. Lee Kyo Yoon who learned primarily from Mr. Chun Sang Sup (founder of Yun Moo Kwan) who studied both Judo and Shotokan karate in Japan. Some literature claims he learned directly from Funakoshi. Based on this research, I am convinced that the Han Moo Kwan form’s roots lie in Okinawan Karate. The lineage is shown in Figure 1 below. Figure 1 also shows the lineage of other masters that are quoted throughout this article. Please note that many of these masters learned from more than one person, but for simplicity, only those I used as references or referenced as a source of the forms are shown here.



Figure 1. Lineage Of Various Martial Arts

While the exact history of the development of the Han Moo Kwan forms does not exist in writing to my knowledge, there is information on Okinawan Karate and Shotokan Karate which has allowed me and others to research these forms from a variety of sources to better understand their origins, applications, and meaning. The rest of this article describes the lineage of each of the forms or their series origins in more detail based on my research.

Kibon series
In the early years (at least during Anko Itosu era and prior), there appears to be no such forms in the Okinawan karate that resemble the Kibon series. Over time, many schools introduced a beginner’s series of forms. In modern day Shorin-Ryu, there are a series of three beginner’s forms called Kihon (translates to “basics” in Japanese). Based on Bishop’s book [5], Okinawan Karate and other website literature, it is believed Shuguro Nakazato was the first to teach these forms.

Similarly, various Okinawan karate styles have also developed and introduced a basic series of forms. In The Essence of Okianwan Katate-Do [2], Nagamine describes two basic forms, Fukyugata I and II. He states that “Two Fukyugata commonly practiced today were composed by Shoshin Nagamine, the originator of Matsuba-yashi-ryu karate, and Chojun Miyagi, the originator of the Goju-ryu karate, because the kata of the Shuri and Naha schools had been too difficult for beginners” [2]. Fukyugata I is similar to Kibon Hyung, but it is not identical.

Funakoshi taught the basic form Taikyoku (translated to mean “first cause”) which consists of three parts Shodan, Nidan, and Sandan. In his book Karate-Do Kyohan: The Master Text [1] he states “Since this form is the easiest of the kata to learn and consist of those blocks and attacks that are the most helpful in practicing basic techniques, it should be the form with which beginners start”.

Funakoshi goes on to say “Because of its simplicity, the kata is easily learned by beginners. Nevertheless, as it name implies, this form is the most profound character and on to which, upon mastery of the art of karate, an expert will return to select it as the ultimate training kata” [1].
Taikyoku Shodan is the same as our Kibon Hyung and Taikyoku Sanden is the same as our Kibon 2.

Kibon in Korean means basic techniques. The Han Moo Kwan Kibon series consists of five forms and is expected to be demonstrated by all students who are testing at any rank. There are a few possibilities of who introduced these five forms into the Han Moo Kwan style. It appears Mr. Chun Sang Sup based the Kibon series on the Japanese Taikyoku kata developed by Funakoshi and introduced at least two forms from the series. One can postulate that he, Mr. Lee Kyo Yoon, or a combination of the two developed the other three that are studied as part of Han Moo Kwan. These forms were then taught to Mr. Kim who retained them for our Han Moo Kwan club.

In our style, as in the other styles, these five forms familiarize students with forms using basic techniques and stances. The Kibon series is a combination of all the basics in Han Moo Kwan and no additional moves are included other than what is taught in the basics. The goal of the Kibon series is to teach beginner’s how to direct focus and energy in with their physical movements. Moves are simple and the goal is to focus on these movements.

In Part II, the origins of the Pyung Ahn series, Shipsu and No Pe Hyung will be discussed. In the final part (Part III), the origins of the Mepojan series will be provided as well as a discussion of the evolution of the forms over time.

Regards,
Kelly

“Once a form has been learned, it must be practiced repeatedly until it can be applied in an emergency, for knowledge of just the sequence of a form in karate is useless.” ~ Gichin Funakoshi (1868-1957), founder of Shotokan Karate

References
1. Karate-Do Kyohan: The Master Text by Gichin Funakoshi
2. The Essence of Okianwan Katate-Do by Shoshin Nagamine
3. Tang Soo Do: The Ultimate Guide to the Korean Martial Art by Kang Uk Lee
4. Tae Kwon Do Classic Forms: 21 Hyung--Novice White Belt through Advanced Black Belt by Ted Hillson
5. Okinawan Karate by Mark Bishop
6. Okinawan Kempo by Choki Motobu
7. Tales of Okinawa’s Great Masters by Shoshin Nagamine
8. Karate-do My Way of Life by Gichin Funakoshi
9. Roots Of Shotokan: Funakoshi's Original 15 Kata by Joe Swift (http://www.fightingarts.com/reading/article.php?id=220, http://www.fightingarts.com/reading/article.php?id=221, http://www.fightingarts.com/reading/article.php?id=2212 )
10. Hidden Karate: The True Bunkai For the Heian Katas and Naihanchi by Gennosuke Higaki
11. Hartman, R. (2006). Taekwondo Tutor [Online]. Available: TKDTutor.com [31 December 2009].
12. http://www.iainabernethy.com/articles/article_home.asp


Unpublished work © 2010 Kelly McInerney.
All rights reserved including the right of reproduction in whole or in part in any form.

Saturday, January 2, 2010

Latest Chief Instructor Book Review 01/02/2010

The below is an updated list of books related to various aspects of martial arts that I have read over the last several years with my comments and my ratings along with descriptions usually taken from the book’s back cover when applicable or from Amazon.com Editorial Reviews (source is noted).

The following are the new books added to this review since my last book review posting in May 2009:
• Comprehensive Asian Fighting Arts (Bushido--The Way of the Warrior) by Donn F. Draeger and Robert W. Smith
• Hidden Karate: The True Bunkai For Heian Katas And Naihanchi by Gennosuke Higaki
• Meditations on Violence: A Comparison of Martial Arts Training & Real World Violence by Rory Miller
• Okinawan Karate Teachers, Styles and Secret Techniques by Mark Bishop
• Okinawan Kempo by Choki Motobu

My Ratings:
Excellent – Would highly recommend
Very Good – Would recommend
Good - Might recommend unless found another book on same subject that was better
Not Very Good – Would not recommend

I, also, do not expect everyone to agree with my ratings or comments and welcome anyone’s thoughts or own comments if you get the chance to read them. I am also always looking for suggestions for books related to martial arts, so please pass on your recommendations as well.

While I do not advocate learning martial arts only through books, books can provide insight and new thoughts or echo one’s own current thinking related to the study of martial arts and can be valuable in your study and growth as a martial artist. The books are listed in alphabetical order. .

1. Advanced Tae Kwon Do by Scott Shaw
o Description (Amazon.com Editorial Reviews Book Description)
Taekwondo is defined as a hard-style system of the martial arts with penetrating kicks, punches, and forceful linear attacks. In Advanced Taekwondo, Scott Shaw presents an in-depth look at the complete art of Taekwondo—from the underlying philosophies that drive the techniques and strategies to advice on mastering basic and advanced techniques fundamental to the art.
o My Comments: I picked this up because the first couple of chapters highlighted the energy side of the art form and I was intrigued. The book has a lot of good concepts and principles, but a lot of the book has tactics and concepts that are not the Han Moo Kwan style: the forms in it are ITF style, there are a lot of variations of kicks that are more for competitions, and there is a chapter strictly on competition. I found some useful information, but found Loren Christensen’s books more useful overall when looking for drills and training exercises.
o My Rating: Good
o Amazon Customer Rating: no customer ratings at this time (1/2/07)

2. The Art of War by Sun Tzu
o Description (Amazon.com Editorial Reviews Book Description)
Widely regarded as "The Oldest Military Treatise in the World," this landmark work covers principles of strategy, tactics, maneuvering, communication, and supplies; the use of terrain, fire, and the seasons of the year; the classification and utilization of spies; the treatment of soldiers, including captives, all have a modern ring to them.
o My Comments: Classic book regarding strategy. One of those books that might take several readings to fully comprehend and understand its full magnitude.
o My Rating: Excellent
o Amazon Customer Rating: 4.5 out of 5 stars (263 reviewers as of 5/7/07)

3. Be Like Water: Practical Wisdom from the Martial Arts by Joseph Cardillo
o Description (Amazon.com Editorial Reviews Book Description)
For anyone interested in deepening their quality of life, karate expert Joseph Cardillo delivers an inspiring and essential guide to the spiritual wisdom of the martial arts. Contrary to what many might think, self-defense is not the main purpose of martial arts training. 'See with Your Skin; Find Your Range; Be Like Water' are just some of the wise messages at the heart of all martial art practices that help seasoned warriors, Buddhist monks, even kung fu champions like Bruce Lee maintain their trademark calm in the face of chaos. Now, in 16 easy-to-read chapters, Joseph Cardillo outlines a variety of disciplines from Korea, China, and Japan, and provides narrative examples for how they translate into spiritual well being. Complete with reflective exercises, BE LIKEWATER is a well-grounded, step-by-step approach to applying the warrior mind-set to life's daily challenges.
o My Comments: This book really highlights how the energy and spiritual side of martial arts can also be applied in every day life. Each chapter talks about specific aspects and Joseph Cardillo does a great job showing how these principles he applies to his martial arts as well as to every day life. For an introduction to the spiritual side to martial arts, I still think Joe Hyams’ “Zen in the Martial Arts” book is the best place to start, but this book is very good as well and provides more details on the spiritual side and how to put it in practice. I will also state up front that the use of energy as described by Joseph Cardillo does not always match exactly that of the Han Moo Kwan philosophy. However, I am a firm believer that the more we can apply energy and experience energy (whether it is life or in the dojang) the easier it will be to tint it to the HMK style when practicing HMK.
o My Rating: Very Good to Excellent
o Amazon Customer Rating: 5 out of 5 stars (3 reviewers as of 10/1/07)

4. Becoming a Complete Martial Artist: Error Detection in Self-Defense and the Martial Arts by Marc MacYoung and Tris Sutrisno
o Description (Amazon.com Editorial Reviews Book Description)
Self-Defense: Error Detection in the Martial Arts is a graduate-level course in the most important strategic principles of self-defense from the legendary Tristan Sutrisno and the indefatigable Marc MacYoung. Not a manual for beginners or dilettantes, but a key to the highest level of tactical self-defense, this volume concentrates not on a catalog of specific defenses for specific situations but on teaching situational awareness and understanding of the wide range of opportunities, possibilities, and options available to the skilled defender, in any situation. The key presented here is error detection-developing the ability to understand instantly the flaws and vulnerabilities in an aggressor's attack or posture (after a thorough exploration of one's own habitual defensive response patterns in dealing with attacks). With a strong grasp of the mechanics of error detection, the martial artist will be able to step up to a new awareness and a vastly enhanced ability to use an existing arsenal of skills to greater advantage.
Sutrisno and MacYoung bring over sixty years of combined experience to their teaching, and Self-Defense is the fruit of their long study.
o My Comments: The book has some very good information and a lot of information compliments what we already present and talk about in class. The biggest issue I had with this book is the lack of illustrations. Sometimes the points the authors are trying to make are hard to truly grasp without any photos or illustrations.
o My Rating: Good to Very Good
o Amazon Customer Rating: 5 out of 5 stars (4 reviewers as of 6/29/08)

5. Book of Five Rings: The Classic Guide to Strategy by Miyamoto Musashi
o Description (Amazon.com Editorial Reviews Book Description)
Here is one of the most insightful texts on the subtle arts of confrontation and victory to emerge from Asian culture. Written not only for martial artists but for leaders in all professions, the book analyzes the process of struggle and mastery over conflict that underlies every level of human interaction. The Book of Five Rings —which has become a well-known classic among American business people, studied for its insights into the Japanese approach to business strategy—was composed in 1643 by the famed duelist and undefeated samurai Miyamoto Musashi. Unlike previous editions of The Book of Five Rings, Thomas Cleary's is an accessible translation, free of jargon, with an introduction that presents the spiritual background of the warrior tradition. Along with Musashi's text, Cleary translates another important Japanese classic on leadership and strategy: The Book of Family Traditions on the Art of War by Yagyu Munenori, which highlights the ethical and spiritual insights of Taoism and Zen as they apply to the way of the warrior.
o My Comments: As with the Art of War, Classic book regarding strategy. One of those books that might take several readings to fully comprehend and understand its full magnitude.
o My Rating: Very Good
o Amazon Customer Rating: 4 out of 5 stars (104 reviewers as of 5/7/07)

6. The Bible of Karate Bubishi by Patrick McCarthy
o Description (Amazon.com Editorial Reviews Book Description) No other classic work has had as dramatic an impact on the shaping and development of karate as The Bubishi. Treasured for centuries by karate’s top masters, studied, applied, and plagarized, The Bubishi is a classic Chinese work on philosophy, strategy, medicine, and technique as they relate to the martial arts. Referred to as 'the bible of karate' by the famous master Miyagi Chojun, for hundreds of years The Bubishi was a secret text passed from master to student in China and later in Okinawa. Now made available to the world in paperback, incorporate its eternal insights into your martial arts training.
o My Comments: This book provides much insight into the sooty of martial arts and the true essence of martial arts - both intent and philosophy. Many of the chapters have limited information and some chapters may have limited usage to modern day usage (such as the herbal medicine sections). The true importance in my mind is to learn and recognize that this type of information – the healing side – was as much a part of the martial arts as the “death touch” is important for all persons of today who strive to be a complete martial artist to recognize – that being a martial artist is more than learning to kick and punch.
o My Rating: Very Good to Excellent
o Amazon Customer Rating: 4.5 out of 5 stars (20 reviewers as of 4/22/08)

7. Bunkai-Jutsu by Iain Abernethy
o Description (Back Cover) ‘Bunkai-Jutsu’ is the analysis of the karate katas and their application in real combat. It is also the title of this pioneering book by Iain Abernethy. The fighting applications of the karate katas (forms) is one of the most fascinating and sadly – misunderstood – aspects of karate practice. Bunkai-Jutsu provides the reader with the information they need to unlock the ‘secrets’ of kata and to begin practicing karate as the complete and realistic combat art that it was intended to be.
The ground-breaking and often controversial book provides a detailed analysis of the combative concepts and principles upon which the katas are based. This book is essential reading for all those who want to understand the meaning of kata.
o My Comments: This is an excellent book to describe the applications of techniques and combinations within the forms. The forms described herein are very similar to those taught in Han Moo Kwan. The discussions, applications, and theories described within this book match very closely to the combative philosophy of Han Moo Kwan. The book also describes more grappling and joint lock techniques then practiced with Han Moo Kwan, but overall is an excellent resource to open one’s mind and possibilities of potential applications and uses embedded in the forms. This book offers insights too allow students to broaden their perspectives and intent of the art form. This book has very similar information as to “The Way of Kata: A Comprehensive Guide for Deciphering Martial Applications” by Lawrence Kane. While I found Way of the Kata to also be a excellent book, if I were to choose only one, I found this book to be have more insights overall.
o My Rating: Excellent
o Amazon Customer Rating: 5 out of 5 stars (5 reviewers as of 4/22/08)

8. Bubishi: Martial Art Spirit Revised Edition by George Alexander
o Description (Amazon.com Editorial Reviews Product Description) Secret Karate text of the Masters finally revealed!! Includes: White Crane knock out and killing techniques, 48 secret techniques of Kenpo, pressure points, herbal medicine and secrets of the Death Touch (Dim Mak).
o My Comments: This book has some of the very same information in The Bible of Karate Bubishi by Patrick McCarthy. Each book contains almost the identical information although ordered differently and focusing on different areas in more or less depth. In general, I think they compliment each other, but if only could recommend one, I’d probably recommend The Bible of Karate Bubishi (and it may be because I read it first).
o My Rating: Very Good
o Amazon Customer Rating: 5 out of 5 stars (4 reviewers as of 4/22/08)

9. Bushido: The Soul of Japan by Inazo Nitobé
o Description (Amazon.com Editorial Reviews Product Description) Chivalry is a flower no less indigenous to the soil of Japan than its emblem, the cherry blossom; nor is it a dried-up specimen of an antique virtue preserved in the herbarium of our history. It is still a living object of power and beauty among us; and if it assumes no tangible shape or form, it not the less scents the moral atmosphere, and makes us aware that we are still under its potent spell. The conditions of society which brought it forth and nourished it have long disappeared; but as those far-off stars which once were and are not, still continue to shed their rays upon us, so the light of chivalry, which was a child of feudalism, still illuminates our moral path, surviving its mother institution. It is a pleasure to me to reflect upon this subject in the language of Burke, who uttered the well-known touching eulogy over the neglected bier of its European prototype.
o My Comments: This book provides good insight into the code of the samurai. This code has a many similarities to the code of any martial artists and understanding some of the history and rationale behind the code provide insightful
o My Rating: Very Good
o Amazon Customer Rating: 4 out of 4 stars (16 reviewers as of 9/27/08)

10. Comprehensive Asian Fighting Arts (Bushido--The Way of the Warrior) by Donn F. Draeger and Robert W. Smith
o Description (Amazon.com Editorial Reviews Product Description)
Fighting arts are as old as man himself and as varied as his languages. In Asia they developed to a degree of effectiveness probably unsurpassed elsewhere in the world. This book explains the relationships between fighting arts, assesses their strengths and weaknesses, and presents new material about hitherto unknown fighting methods. Written by two of the best-known and most widely published authorities in the field, it covers fighting methods and techniques found in eleven Asian countries-fighting techniques that range from the artful Chinese tai-chi and Burmese bando to Japanese jujutsu and the lethal pentjak-silat of Indonesia.
Documentation of these has been supplemented with a wealth of fascinating anecdotes. The reader learns of the daring exploits of the Japanese ninja, of Gama, perhaps the greatest of the great Indian wrestlers, of the Indonesian "trance" fighters-and hundreds of other tales that serve to illustrate some of the most deadly fighting systems that the world has known.
The volume is illustrated with over two hundred photographs and drawings, many of them depicting combat styles and techniques that have never been seen in the West.
o My Comments: This is the type of book I would expect for historical information on martial arts. The book constrains information from all over Asia on the martial arts practiced and its history in that country and culture. It does not go into too much detail on the implenta5ion of the art form as in other books. The biggest drawback is the book was published in 1969 with first paperback in 1981. Therefore, the information does not include information fro the last 40 years.
o My Rating: Very Good
o Amazon Customer Rating: 4.5 out of 5 stars (11 reviewers as of 4/17/09)

11. The Essence of Okinawan Karate-Do: (Shorin-Ryu) by Shoshin Nagamine
o Description (Back Cover)
A rich source on the technique and philosophy of traditional Okinawan karate. “The Essence of Okinawan Karate-Do” presents the teachings of legendary karate master Shoshin Nagamine, world famous as the founder of the Matsubayashi school of Shorin-ryu karate-do. First published in 1976, this timeless work has long been a treasured reference source for martial artists around the world.
A systematic treatment of the technical aspects of karate-do using over 1,000 photographs to document eighteen classic karate kata (preset forms) and seven yakusoku kumite (prearranged partner exercises), as well as basic techniques, this book is a precise and easily accessible pictorial guide to performance and perfection of traditional karate. The only book in English with photos of one of the great prewar masters demonstrating the proper execution of Okinawan karate, “The Essence of Okinawan Karate-Do” is a bridge between karate’s legendary past and the practitioners of today. This ingenious and imaginative text explains the historic landmarks in the development of the style, vividly outlines its leading forms and techniques, and recalls note Okinawan karate men of the past, including the author’s teachers Ankichi Arakaki, Choki Motobu, and Chotoku Kyan.
o My Comments: Good reference book of techniques and applications of techniques used in karate which have a lot of similarity to Tae Kwon Do. Good illustrations as well. The write-ups were not quite as detailed as that of “Tae Kwon Do: Secrets of Korean Karate” by Sihak Henry Cho. What this book contains that Cho’s book does not is some history and perspective from a karate master on his views of karate. In addition, this book contains pictures stepping through karate kata (forms), many which are similar to the Han Moo Kwan style. What is lacks in the section on kata is any description. It is a good reference book, but I’d buy Cho’s book, Tae Kwon Do Classic Forms by Ted Hillson, or Karate-Do Kyohan: The Master Text by Gichin Funakoshi before this one only because they others have more detailed descriptions. This book, though, enhances the others in my opinion.
o My Rating: Very Good
o Amazon Customer Rating: 4.5 out of 5 stars (29 reviewers as of 12/22/07)

12. Far Beyond Defensive Tactics by Loren W. Christensen
o Description (Amazon.com Editorial Reviews Product Description)
This book shows cops how to use proven defensive tactics to stay alive and uninjured, including how to disarm attackers, deal with drunk or drugged subjects, protect their guns, fend off multiple attackers and more.
o My Comments: For martial artists this is a good book, but probably not the best we can find. Mainly because this is written more for police officers who are more limited in what they can do to protect themselves and appropriating/ defending from suspects than a civilian is in a self-defense situation. However, having said that, there is some good information in here on defense from weapons (guns and knives) from a police officer’s perspective and “how to create” a witness.
o My Rating: Good to Very Good
o Amazon Customer Rating: 4 out of 5 stars (12 reviewers as of 12/28/08)

13. Fighter's Fact Book: Over 400 Concepts, Principles, and Drills to Make You a Better Fighter by Loren W. Christensen
o Description (Amazon.com Editorial Reviews Book Description)
With over 35 years experience in the ring, on the mat and in the street, Loren Christensen understands the daily challenges faced by martial artists. In Fighters Fact Book he has put together a collection of over 400 tips, drills, principles, concepts and exercises to give you the edge no matter what style of martial art you practice. Discover quick and innovative ways to improve your punching, kicking, sparring and self-defense skills plus dozens of tips to work those hard to improve areas like speed, power and flexibility.
If you’re feeling stuck or bored in your martial arts routine, Loren’s down-to-earth, in-your-face-style will get you up and training with a fire you haven’t felt in years. With hundreds of training methods drawn from his vast experience, research and interviews with top instructors around the country, Loren has put together an essential reference for every martial arts student and instructor.
o My Comments: Very good reference book for drills and exercises. Compared with Ultimate Fitness Through Martial Arts by Sang H. Kim this reference book has more drill/exercises that are specific to use for training inside the dojang. I have already incorporated several of the drills found in this book out in the club. Not all drills are in-line with the Han Moo Kwan style, but a large number of the drills can be used directly or adapted.
o My Rating: Good to Very Good
o Amazon Customer Rating: 4.5 out of 5 stars (29 reviewers as of 5/7/07)

14. Fighter's Fact Book 2: Street Fighting Essentials by Loren W. Christensen
o Description (Amazon.com Editorial Reviews Product Description)
You will fight how you train. This is the theme of Fighter's Fact Book 2: Street Fighting Essentials and when you've mastered the skills taught in the book, you will truly be ready to defend yourself in some of the most desperate situations imaginable. Nearly a dozen veteran instructors of street oriented martial arts have come together with Loren Christensen to teach you how to defend yourself against multiple attackers, violent dogs, knives, close quarter attacks, and attackers impervious to pain. Then they show you how to make your street techniques fast and explosive, and how to prepare yourself mentally to use extreme force. The skills taught here are not for the faint hearted. These are hardcore techniques intended to save your life or the life of a loved one.
o My Comments: This book is easy to read and gets to the point of techniques one would use on the street and augment martial arts training to include no nonsense brutal techniques that may be required in a street fight when your life is on the line. The book includes some interesting scenarios and how one may practice them.
o My Rating: Excellent
o Amazon Customer Rating: 5 out of 5 stars (3 reviewers as of 7/8/07)

15. The Gift of Fear by Gavin De Becker
o Description (Amazon.com Editorial Reviews)
Each hour, 75 women are raped in the United States, and every few seconds, a woman is beaten. Each day, 400 Americans suffer shooting injuries, and another 1,100 face criminals armed with guns. Author Gavin de Becker says victims of violent behavior usually feel a sense of fear before any threat or violence takes place. They may distrust the fear, or it may impel them to some action that saves their lives. A leading expert on predicting violent behavior, de Becker believes we can all learn to recognize these signals of the "universal code of violence," and use them as tools to help us survive. The book teaches how to identify the warning signals of a potential attacker and recommends strategies for dealing with the problem before it becomes life threatening. The case studies are gripping and suspenseful, and include tactics for dealing with similar situations.
o My Comments: Very good book. Good examples of how people trusted their instincts and survived or did not. The real examples are good examples to go over in your head and play our how you would react under different scenarios (alone, with a group, night, day, etc)
o My Rating: Very Good
o Amazon Customer Rating: 4.5 out of 5 stars (273 reviewers as of 6/29/08)

16. Hidden Karate: The True Bunkai For Heian Katas And Naihanchi by Gennosuke Higaki
o Description (Amazon.com Editorial Reviews)
Hidden Karate -The True Bunkai For The Heian Katas And Naihanchi- 100 years have passed since Karate was first introduced to the public. It has since then become a common word all over the world. Today, it is said that 40 million people practice karate throughout the world. While karate itself is well known,karate bunkai (explanations for use) is sometimes used incorrectly. This book took 313rd place at bookstores at the beginning of sale, and serves as a best seller in Japan. This book is extremely helpful to all people who train karate. More than 1,000 detailed pictures of bunkai allow readers to clearly understand the secret meaning of the karate kata. Chapter 1 What Is Karate? Chapter 2 Problems Facing Karate Chapter 3 Questions Facing Karate Chapter 4 Consideration Of Kata Chapter 5 Hidden Karate Chapter 6 Combat Techniques Of Karate Chapter 7 Oral Instruction of Bunkai For Kata Chapter 8 bunkai For Kata
o My Comments: Good book. What this book has over Bunkai-Jutsu by Iain Abernethy or The Way of Kata by Lawrence Kane is a step by step description of the bunkai. What the other two have over this book and what I think is more useful is general applications and a philosophy to bunkai that allows for many interpretations and applications as opposed to one and one only.
o My Rating: Good
o Amazon Customer Rating: 4.5 out of 5 stars (10 reviewers as of 1/1/2010)

17. Instructing the Martial Arts by Charles Ralph, Jr. Heck
o Description (Amazon.com Editorial Reviews Publisher Comments)
"Instructor Teaching the Martial Arts" is the only book to teach critical business survival skills to the experienced martial artist. It is a no-nonsense guide that covers lesson planning, teaching, evaluating students and schools, and running a successful business.
o My Comments: This book gives good examples and details on various aspects of instructing: Learning Process, Teaching Process, Human Behavior, Teaching Methods, Instructor Qualities, Instructional Techniques, etc. Overall, I thought this book was very good. With more examples and in-depth in certain areas, I might have found it better than Kane’s book. For those that do not enjoy Kane’s style of writing, this may be a better choice to get similar information.
o My Rating: Very Good to Excellent
o Amazon Customer Rating: Not rated as of 8/6/08

18. Instructor: Teaching the Martial Arts by Robert George Sprackland
o Description (Amazon.com Editorial Reviews Publisher Comments)
"Instructor Teaching the Martial Arts" is the only book to teach critical business survival skills to the experienced martial artist. It is a no-nonsense guide that covers lesson planning, teaching, evaluating students and schools, and running a successful business.
o My Comments
Book has some good information related to instruction and especially instruction in the martial arts. The information is mostly relevant to our Club style. The book, unfortunately, does not go into depth into any of its points and just discusses it at a top level. It also does not include figures or illustrations to help the point. The books does have some insights into starting a school which can some good information, but not necessarily very relevant to our Club style..
o My Rating: Good to Very Good
o Amazon Customer Rating: 4.5 out of 5 stars (3 reviewers as of 8/6/08)

19. Intuitive Body: Aikido As a Clairsentient Practice by Wendy Palmer
o Description (Amazon.com Editorial Reviews Book Description)
"Discipline is freedom," writes Wendy Palmer. She encourages readers to cultivate a new rapport with their bodies through stories, Eastern wisdom, and her own experiences. "A useful, inspiring book for anyone exploring . . . embodied movement, energetic meditation, and intuitive knowledge." - Yoga Journal
o My Comments
Book was good, but a little too esoteric for me. If very much into the spiritual aspects of martial arts, you may truly enjoy this book.
o My Rating: Good
o Amazon Customer Rating: 4 out of 5 stars (9 reviewers as of 5/7/07)

20. Karate-Do Kyohan: The Master Text by Gichin Funakoshi
o Description (Amazon.com Editorial Reviews Book Description)
Nineteen kata ("forms") of karate-the art of self-defense without weapons-are presented here in complete detail. They are the ones selected by the great master and teacher, Gichin Funakoshi, to give comprehensive training in Karate-do, the way of karate. Fully illustrated demonstrations by the translator cover not only every technique of the kata but also the fundamentals and applications: how to make a fist; the correct form of the open hand; preliminary training in blocking, striking and kicking; the seven stances; and sparring. The author presents, besides kata that he himself originated, beginning and advanced kata from both the Shorei school and the Shorin school, the former remarkable for their forcefulness and development of strength, the latter characterized by their gracefulness and lightning swiftness. This book, the most comprehensive and authoritative ever published, was being revised by the author shortly before his death in 1957, at the age of eighty-eight, and is translated for the first time. Through his advice on both practical and spiritual aspects of training, the master guides the student from techniques to the Way of karate. Complementing the English edition are illustrations of National Treasures from Kofuku-ji and Todai-ji temples in Nara and Master Funakoshi's calligraphy. Karate, whose value for the well-rounded development of strength, coordination and agility is scientifically validated, can be practiced at any time and in any place, for any length of time, by men and women of all ages, and requires no special equipment. It also fosters the development of spiritual qualities: courage, courtesy, integrity, humility and self-control. Gichin Funakoshi's karate books, the first published in 1922, are landmarks, for the development of this martial art in Okinawa was shrouded in secrecy, and almost no records of its early history, dating back more than a thousand years to the Shao-lin Temple in Hunan Province, China, exist. Karate-do Kyohan is a book that lives up to its title: it is in truth the master text for karate instruction at all levels and in all aspects of technique and character development.
o My Comments: Very good reference book of techniques and applications of techniques used in karate which have a lot of similarity to Tae Kwon Do. Good illustrations as well. This book contains pictures stepping through karate kata (forms), many which are similar to the Han Moo Kwan style. It contains mostly the mechanics of the moves, but at times describes some possible applications which are worth experimenting with. This book also contains some good training information, information on vital points and effective targets and other useful reference material.
o My Rating: Very Good to Excellent
o Amazon Customer Rating: 4.5 out of 5 stars (35 reviewers as of 12/22/07)

21. Karate-Do My Way of Life by Gichin Funakoshi
o Description (Back Cover)
Life story of the father of modern Karate. Through this volume the follower of Karate-do will gain greater insight into the master’s own way of living and thinking, and a sharper understanding of the art of self-defense.
o My Comments: Good book to understanding the thinking of one of the masters of martial arts. Good insights into the history and philosophy.
o My Rating: Very Good
o Amazon Customer Rating: 4.5 out of 5 stars (38 reviewers as of 5/7/07)

22. Ki in Aikido by C.M. Shifflett
o Description (Back Cover)
Ki, the force behind the Japanese martial art of Aikido, is a strange concept to many westerners. Aikidoists think of ki as the universal spirit present in all things, but this seemingly exotic concept has much in common with the Hebrew ruach and Greek pneuma meaning “smoke”, “wind”, or “spirit”.
Shin Shin Toitsu Aikido, founded by Koichi Tohei in 1974, emphasizes coordination of mind and body to produce inner strength and stability. It differs from other styles of Aikido primarily in the formalized study of ki development and ki testing which provide an unusual opportunity to actually test, measure, and evaluate concepts of mind and sprit which otherwise must be dismissed as “flaky New Age weirdness” or accepted on faith, despite secret doubts or fears.
Although it is impossible to test the mind directly, state of mind can be revealed through the body by way of ki testing which serves as a highly sensitive biofeedback tool. This book presents step-by-step instruction and detailed illustrations of ki exercises and testing techniques.
o My Comments: Book contains good over of Ki and some interesting exercises to experience Ki. The exercises are, as expected, geared towards Aikido which focuses Ki much differently than HMK. However, the ideas and exercises are very good and many can be adjusted for HMK.
o My Rating: Very Good
o Amazon Customer Rating: 5 out of 5 stars (11 reviewers as of 5/7/07)

23. Ki in Daily Life by Koichi Tohei
o Description (portions of the Back Cover)
Technology today touches nearly every part of our lives. Though even more impressive development if machines, the process continues. Computers put men pout of work; pushing a single button is enough to start a nuclear war.
Gradually, though, the world has begun to remember that man for whom the machines must work, and not the other way around. We recognize now that science, for all its achievements, has done little to help us understand ourselves or realize our potential.
There is no sense in waiting for science to do it for us. Each of us must now take it upon himself to understand his true nature and strength. The Chinese classic “Saikontan” says that we stand like beggars at the gate, forgetting the infinite power given to us by the universe. Instead of shrinking from this potential, we should be thankful for it. We should strive to manifest it and help others do that same.
The author regards his Four Basic Principles to Unify Mind and Body as having been given to him by the universe to spread the way of the universe. There have been many who have grasped unification of mind and body. Very few, however, could teach it. Fewer still could teach how to teach it. Those who learn the four basic principles as explained in this book have come to understand not only how to unify their own minds and bodies, but also how to teach it to others.
The author, founder of the Ki Society International, presents the philosophical groundwork and specific disciplines by which the individual may attune himself or herself with the ki-life energy of the universe – and thrive in health and harmony, without fatigue or depression.
o My Comments: This book contains a great introduction to energy and energy drills use in Aikido. It has a lot of similar information on similar drills as provided in Ki in Aikido by C.M. Shifflett. In addition to the drills and breathing mediations, it provides insights into Ki in daily life (sleeping, eating, etc.). As in the other book, the exercises are geared towards Aikido which focuses Ki differently than HMK. However, the ideas and information are very good and many can be adjusted for HMK. If I picked one book between this one and Ki in Aikido by C.M. Shifflett, I’d probably pick the one by Shifflett since it has more diagrams and more examples of drills.
o My Rating: Very Good
o Amazon Customer Rating: 4.5 out of 5 stars (13 reviewers as of 10/1/07)

24. KODO: Ancient Ways: Lessons in the Spiritual Life of the Warrior/Martial Artist (Literary Links to the Orient) by Kensho Furuya
o Description (Amazon.com Editorial Reviews Book Description)
Forty-one of the best articles of the popular Ancient Ways column in Martial Arts Training magazine are brought together. 150 illustrations, 40 never before published photos. A 6th dan in aikido and 6th dan kyoshi master instructor in iaido, Kensho Furuya is the resident chief instructor of the Aikido Center of Los Angeles.
o My Comments: While I enjoyed this book in many ways, it only reinforced other books and really did not add new insights. This is a compilation of various articles written in a martial arts magazine. Because of that, several of the articles are very similar with not a lot of new information and the stories and antidotes used from the masters of the past seem to be repeated several times, so reading it straight through at times seemed liked it was just repeating itself. I did, though, enjoy the stories the concepts and thoughts, while not new to me since I had read them in other books, reinforced those same thoughts that to be a true martial artist you need to embrace it as a way of life and not just a time to practice a couple times of week.
o My Rating: Good to Very Good
o Amazon Customer Rating: 4.5 out of 5 stars (30 reviewers as of 11/15/07)

25. Law and Martial Arts by Carl Brown
o Description (Amazon.com Editorial Reviews Book Description)
Carl Brown—attorney, author and black belt judo instructor—describes the legal policies that can protect or indict an individual who uses martial arts techniques in self-defense. Topics include assault and battery, the law and self-defense, martial arts weapons, state laws and a table of cases.
o My Comments: For the most part, I was very disappointed and this was not what I was hoping for. I was hoping for examples and thoughts on the law for martial arts when used in self-defense situations. Brown did not really present any of these cases, which either leads me to believe (1) the true martial artists that practice their skills strictly for self-defense do not or have not had law suits against them (criminally or civilly) and/or (2) true martial artists do not get into alterations. Many of the cases Brown presents in the book are very old. Some of the cases are absurd. He cites cases where a person who has practiced martial arts was involved – and the crime was usually one they initiated (such as robbery or rape). First off, I would not consider any of these people martial artists, since they are not using their skills in the way it was intended. These are just people who happen to know techniques taught in martial arts, so I disagreed wholeheartedly with his using those examples and citing those persons as martial artists. Brown does cite some relevant cases, but then does not tell the outcome of those cases. I also did not understand his point on Ninjas at all. He explains how Ninjas were trained assassins and are trained to kill and then goes on to state if called or act like a Ninja this can be used against you in trial. Seems common sense to me that if you act and dress the part of an assassin that you may be called that in a trial (and probably should be expected to). I was also disappointed on his section of the law in states and martial arts weapons. Seems it was taken verbatim out of the law books with all the legalese language. Would have been nice if tit was written so a layman could understand easily. Brown does present and provide some good examples on what is considered excessive force. Brown also does ask some interesting questions and brings up some interesting thoughts such as should a martial artists announce to an attacker they are trained so the attacker is aware and understands what he is getting into. He also believes that someday martial artists may be considered deadly weapons. He does believe that martial arts training can and will be brought out in trial, but that belt rank should be of consideration, which is a valid point in my book. I might recommend this book to someone totally uninformed and ignorant; and for that reason alone have rated it Not Very Good to Good, else it would have just been Not Very Good.
o My Rating: Not Very Good to Good
o Amazon Customer Rating: 3.5 out of 5 stars (3 reviewers as of 11/14/07)

26. Living the Martial Way : A Manual for the Way a Modern Warrior Should Think by Forrest E. Morgan
o Description (excerpts from the Back Cover)
Living the Martial Way is a concise manual for training in warriorship. Unique among martial arts books, it provides systematic step-by-step approach to applying the warrior mind-set to your martial training and daily life. It combines a knowledge of fighting with an exploration of the culture of the Warrior – The Martial Way. In Living the Martial Way he teaches the reader not only how to fight, but also when to fight and why.
o My Comments: Morgan’s viewpoint is very much about combat and using the martial arts to defend oneself. Morgan has a very direct style and very opinionated and how to train and what the martial arts is about. I did not always agree with his thoughts and statements, but he had some good points and ideas. Overall I enjoyed the book and would recommend it.
o My Rating: Very Good
o Amazon Customer Rating: 4.5 out of 5 stars (92 reviewers as of 5/7/07)

27. Martial Arts Instruction: Applying Educational Theory and Communication Techniques In the Dojo by Lawrence A. Kane
o Description (Amazon.com Editorial Reviews From the Publisher)
While the old adage, "those who can't do, teach" is not entirely true, all too often "those who can do" cannot teach effectively. This book is unique in that it offers a holistic approach to teaching martial arts; incorporating elements of educational theory and communication techniques typically overlooked in budo. Teachers will improve their abilities to motivate, educate, and retain students, while students interested in the martial arts will develop a better understanding of what instructional methods best suit their needs. The author's approach balances the reality that martial arts instructors are responsible for ensuring the safety of practitioners who learn potentially deadly techniques with the truism that if their classes are not enjoyable and productive, no one will participate in them.
o My Comments
Excellent book on what to look for in good classes, how to organize good classes, how to teach across all learning styles, and examples on various teaching styles.
o My Rating: Excellent
o Amazon Customer Rating: 4.5 out of 5 stars (11 reviewers as of 5/7/07)

28. Martial Arts Madness: A User's Guide to the Esoteric Martial Arts by Glenn Morris
o Description (Amazon.com Editorial Reviews Product Description)
In a series of short, witty essays, jujitsu and chi kung teacher Glenn Morris looks at the vaulted self-importance and sense of indestructibility that the practice of martial arts can engender in its adherents. "Martial Arts Madness" is for adventurous souls who enjoy experimenting with the unknown.
o My Comments: I picked this book up from the library because it looked interesting. I did not realize that this was part of a trilogy of sorts and is considered the third book. Most of my issues with this book are the chapters seem to be a hodgepodge of information and antidotes and it was harm for me to follow from one to another at times. He uses a lot of Japanese terms and does not always define them and there is no glossary so I had to infer a lot of its meaning based on content. The last issue I had was the end seemed to be a lot of students and friends telling how great the author was through e-mail and letter correspondences, and not sure the point of it. There were some interesting mediations and interesting connections of spirituality with martial arts which I enjoyed, but overall, I was not thrilled with the book. If I ever read the other two books in the series, this one may make more sense and I will update my comments at that time.
o My Rating: Not Very Good to Good
o Amazon Customer Rating: 4 out of 5 stars (8 reviewers as of 1/12/09)

29. Martial Arts Teachers on Teaching by Carol A. Wiley
o Description (from Back Cover)
Teaching is an art. Effective martial arts teachers must not only be competent practitioners but must also develop the communication and interpersonal skills of any good teacher. In this collection, twenty-six experienced martial arts teachers discuss the process of learning and teaching a martial art, from the “nuts and bolts” of teaching techniques to the philosophical underpinnings of training.
o My Comments: While I found majority of the essays interesting, many were not applicable to how our Club operates. Many of the stories revolved around teaching kids, people who had been abused or attacked. Many were written from one’s point of view on getting respected in the martial arts community. For overall, teaching instruction I would recommend Kane’s book over this one.
o My Rating: Good
o Amazon Customer Rating: 4 out of 5 stars (2 reviewers as of 5/7/07)

30. The Martial Spirit by Herman Kauz
o Description (Publisher’s Note)
The emphasis is on mental training and the philosophical, psychological, and spiritual elements of the martial arts in this comparison of the various martial-arts systems and mind-body principles, covering such topics as self-defense, exercise, meditation, philosophical foundations, forms of practice, and more.
o My Comments: Has some initial good information about martial arts in general, but tends to be very negative. Is also contradictory at times. Book is also outdated in several areas. Author tends to start mantras sometimes unrelated to spirituality or martial arts.
o My Rating: Not Very Good
o Amazon Customer Rating: 3 out of 5 stars (2 reviewers as of 5/7/07)

31. Meditations on Violence: A Comparison of Martial Arts Training & Real World Violence by Rory Miller
o Description (Product Description)
Veteran correction officer Sergeant Rory Miller distills what he has learned from jail house brawls, tactical operations and ambushes to explore the differences between martial arts and the subject martial arts were designed to deal with: Violence. Miller explores the complexity of violence, critical thinking, and the mind of the predator. He offers martial arts training guidance and resources, discusses how to overcome personal fears, and how to deal with the aftermath of violent encounters.
o My Comments: This book does a very good job at highlighting the flaws in martial arts training – many things that we have discussed in classes. It describes real-world encounters and key aspects of those encounters and those flaws in the training and while he does not provide a lot of advice on how to correct the flaws (which to me is the one drawback to the book), it provides good observations and advice. From my perceptive Section 6 really pulls it all together and asks one to looks at themselves and asks themselves critical questions about encountering violence and how you might react.
o My Rating: Very Good to Excellent
o Amazon Customer Rating: 5 out of 5 stars (53 reviewers as of 5/10/09)

32. Okinawan Karate Teachers, Styles and Secret Techniques by Mark Bishop
o Description (Amazon.com Editorial Reviews Product Description)
Written by a well-known figure in the Martial Artsl arts community noted for his outspokenness, this book is an engaging and rich text, certain to provoke and please. Okinawan Karate, long sought after by connoisseurs of Okinawan Martial Artsl arts, is the definitive survey and examination of traditional Martial Artsl arts of the island. With detailed lineage charts of most of the major Okinawan Martial Artsl arts systems, sequential photographs displaying the distinctive techniques of his subjects, solid reportage, and frank quotes from his interview subjects, Okinawan Karate is a complete and encyclopedic source of information.
o My Comments: This books focuses mainly on the teaches and styles, it does provide insights into masters and the Eastern style of teaching marital arts that I found interesting and in-line with what I know and have heard about Mr. Kim’ philosophy. I wished there were more “secrets” that were shared, but all inall I found the book interesting. I found it very useful in my research of the lineage of the Han Moo Kwan martial arts. I would recommend it to those interested in the history of the arts.
o My Rating: Good to Very Good
o Amazon Customer Rating: 4 out of 5 stars (27 reviewers as of 11/21/09)

33. Okinawan Kempo by Choki Motobu
o Description (Amazon.com Editorial Reviews Product Description)
The original version of 'Okinawan Kempo' was first written by Choki Motobu in 1926. He did so at the request of his Japanese friends and because this was the same year that he became famous in Japan when he accepted an open challenge from a Russian fighter and won. The subsequent publicity of his victory in the biggest newspaper in Japan made Choki Motobu a living legend. This book teaches fighting combinations as well as a brief history of karate as Choki Motobu knew it. It also shares with its readers several old revival techniques, old medical treatments and Chinese Herbal remedies. The photos of the original book were of a very poor quality and although we have restored them as best as we could, there are still flaws.
o My Comments: The fact that this book was written in 1926 and is one of the first published books of any kind on the history and background of Karate makes it fairly an important book from a historical perspective. However, the book does not contain that much detail and while it contains some interesting information, depending on what you are looking for, other books have more detail on the history as well as detail of the art form.
o My Rating: Good
o Amazon Customer Rating: 3.5 out of 5 stars (3 reviewers as of 10/23/09)

34. On the Warrior’s Path: Philosophy, Fighting and the Martial Arts Mythology by Daniele Bolelli
o Description (Amazon.com Editorial Reviews Book Description)
From the "chop-sockey" kung-fu epics on the big screen to practices like tae kwon do at local community centers, the martial arts have become a major phenomenon in Western culture. In On the Warrior’s Path, author Daniele Bolelli examines the central figure in this trend: the warrior. Bolelli, himself a martial artist, looks at every facet of the warrior lifestyle, from the unbreakable tenacity of the Japanese swordsman to the contemplative practices of the mysterious warrior monks of China. Drawing from both classical and popular sources of warrior culture, Bolelli shows what it takes to inhabit this singular role, along the way making surprising connections between martial arts and psychedelic culture, basketball, American Indian society, surfing, Star Wars, and more.
o My Comments: Bolelli style is very easy to read. His has great insights into the essence of martial arts – as a way of life that can enrich every aspect of it. He added some sections to the original that tend to make it a little choppy in the flow, but the material is good. The information on Bruce Lee and Jeet Kune Do is interesting, but not sure it totally added to his points. Overall, I enjoyed the book.
o My Rating: Very Good
o Amazon Customer Rating: 4.5 out of 5 stars (12 reviewers as of 5/7/07)

35. The Overlook Martial Arts Handbook by David Mitchell
o Description (Amazon.com Editorial Reviews Product Description)
An ideal introduction and comprehensive survey for both the novice and the experienced martial artist, this highly readable and complete martial arts handbook covers Karate, Kendo, Kung Fu, Judo, and Aikido, as well as the lesser known disciplines of Budo, Hapkido, and the Thai martial arts. 150 line drawings.
o My Comments: In general, has some good information on the history and basics of some of the more common martial arts known. The author describes some techniques within several of the arts which is good and bad. Good in that it gives the reader more sense of what some of the various forms of the martial arts are about, but bad at times because the write-up are detailed and complex and hard to follow. The author does have strong opinions on which martial arts are more effective and what is the best school of various types of arts that seems inappropriate and beyond what the book should be about. The book, in my opinion, would be better if kept to straight facts, and the editorials left out. In addition, the author spends 20 or less pages on most martial arts and sometimes 1-2 pages but 60 on Karate with a lot of detail on how to perform techniques. It would have been nice to have more consistent details about the other martial arts and include more martial arts then having this detail. I will be looking for a better martial arts encyclopedia.
o My Rating: Not Very Good to Good
o Amazon Customer Rating: No Reviewers as of 1/12/09
36. A Path to Liberation: A Spiritual and Philosophical Approach to the Martial Arts by Herman Kauz
o Description (from Amazon.com Editorial Reviews From Library Journal)
With a Zen rather than a "how-to-break-boards" approach, here is a short but thought-provoking exploration of the mental and spiritual components of martial arts. Using his previous book ( Martial Spirit , LJ 3/1/78) as a springboard, Kauz advances from the introduction of martial arts philosophies to how students may improve meditation skills and assess teachers, dojos (schools), and styles. When students utilize a mind, spirit, and body approach, self-discovery can accompany physical improvement. This book is for the student looking beyond fighting skills or self-defense. If you have more than two martial arts schools in your area, buy this book.
o My Comments: Summary is good – rest of book does not focus on what he writes in the summary. Has some initial good information about martial arts in general, but tends to be very negative. Is also contradictory at times. Focuses on the negative aspects and does not bring full light to the spirituality of the martial arts.
o My Rating: Not Very Good
o Amazon Customer Rating: 3 out of 5 stars (2 reviewers as of 5/7/07)

37. The Power of Internal Martial Arts: Combat Secrets of Ba Gua, Tai Chi, and Hsing-I by Bruce Frantzis
o Description (from Amazon.com Editorial Reviews Product Description)
This book's primary focus is on the detailed descriptions of the three main internal boxing methods (Hsing I, Ba Gua, and Tai Chi), as well as many substyles. In-depth comparisons and analyses of the different arts in regard to their methods of movement, principles and philosophies, use of force and energy, body mechanics, and some practical applications, are also described. Frantzis also includes "Personal Odyssey" sections where he recounts many of his interesting encounters with famous martial arts masters. This feature recalls Robert W. Smith's Chinese Boxing: Masters and Methods, from a previous generation of martial arts books. To make this book as accessible to beginners as possible, there are five appendices covering the different styles of tai chi (such as Yang, Chen, Wu, Tung, Hou, and Sun), a history of Ba Gua, energy anatomy of the human body, a summary of Mr. Frantzis's training and lineage, a chapter on Chinese terminology and transliteration, and an extensive glossary.
o My Comments:. This book is not quite what I expected. I agree there was very detailed information related to these three internal marital arts, but without diagram or pictures or other familiarity with the styles it was very hard to follow. The information of the masters and the various styles were interesting and allowed me more overall knowledge related to the martial arts and its history. I was not a big fan of Frantzis’ style of writing. Most of the time he was more about trying to show off who he knew, studied with, and his own personal judgment of the various martial arts. I found him somewhat egotistical, which is supposed to be a trait a true martial artist strives not to be. I rated this NOT VERY GOOD to GOOD only for the general information and history of these internal arts and I have not read another book that contained this information to date. Most of his information on healing arts and spirituality of martial arts is (in my opinion) a blush of the subject and not depth and way too dramatic in his presentation of the material. I only suggested good as a rating because of the history and information on the masters of these internal martial arts. If I find another book that has the history detail, I’d down grade this to only NOT VERY GOOD.
o My Rating: Not Very Good to Good
o Amazon Customer Rating: 3.5 out of 5 stars (51 reviewers as of 8/6/08)

38. Solo Training: The Martial Artist's Guide to Training Alone by Loren Christensen
o Description (from Amazon.com Editorial Reviews Book Description)
Loren Christensen shows you over 300 ways you can add variety to your daily martial arts training routine. Whether you’re a student looking for fun new solo drills to spice up your home training or an instructor in search of new ways to pump up your classes, you won’t be disappointed. This incredible collection of drills, techniques and exercises will take your workouts to the next level. Learn to:
• Organize your solo workouts to the get maximum results from even the shortest training session
• Improve your speed and power with dozens of inside tips and tricks
• Beat boredom and get excited about your solo training sessions
• Become a well rounded fighter by adding essential skills that your instructor may not be teaching you
• Safely experiment with new techniques to find your ideal personal style of training
• Get an edge on your opponents with training methods that will make you unstoppable in the ring or on the street
Not only will you learn enough new training strategies and methods to keep you busy for years, but Loren Christensen’s no-nonsense writing style will get you up and moving even on the days you rather skip your solo workout. Packed with solid advice and kick-butt motivation, this book will become your favorite training partner.
o My Comments: Good reference book for drills and exercises. Compared with Ultimate Fitness Through Martial Arts by Sang H. Kim this reference book has more drill/exercises that are specific to use for training inside the dojang. This book has repeats a lot of the drills and exercises in the Fighter’s Fact Book which is also better organized. I have incorporated several of the drills found in this book out in the club. Not all drills are in-line with the Han Moo Kwan style, but a large number of the drills can be used directly or adapted. If I were to only buy on book of the three filled with drills and exercises, I’d pick the Fighter’s Fact Book.
o My Rating: Good
o Amazon Customer Rating: 4 out of 5 stars (26 reviewers as of 5/7/07)

39. The Spirit of Aikido by Kisshomaru Ueshiba
o Description (Back Cover)
Aikido – a modern Japanese martial art unique in its synthesis of classic forms with a well-defined spiritual base – offers a key to the art of living naturally and unselfishly in a complicated world. The book explains it in reference to the founder’s philosophy of the mind-and-action. In addition, the history of aikido prewar development is described, with a consideration of its international role.
o My Comments
Good overview of the history and philosophy of Aikido. If interested in the foundation and basis of Aikido, this is excellent.
o My Rating: Excellent
o Amazon Customer Rating: 5 out of 5 stars (8 reviewers as of 5/7/07)

40. Strong on Defense by Sanford Strong
o Description (portion of the Back Cover)
Despite what we know about today’s random violence, when it comes to violent crime most of us still tell ourselves, “It can’t happen to me.” But that mental wall-that unwillingness to face reality-can be your single greatest obstacle to surviving a violent crime. It’s been proved again and again, survival in a criminal assault demands immediate action, and in order to be able to react immediately and control your fear, you need to have survival decisions in place ahead of time. This crucial concept is what Sanford Strong, a twenty-year veteran of the San Diego Police Department and expert on defense and survival techniques, calls a mindset.
o My Comments: Sanford Strong gives no nonsense advice on how to prepare for and the dos and don’ts when encountering violent crime. While most of it sounds like common sense, the statistics and real-life scenarios drive home the fact you need to have made up your mind regarding a scenario before it happens so you can just react and not think in a real situation because there is no time to hesitate. The real life examples and discussion on what the people in the scenario did right and wrong also drive home Sanford’s advice.
o My Rating: Very Good to Excellent
o Amazon Customer Rating: 5 out of 5 stars (34 reviewers as of 12/22/07)

41. Surviving Armed Assaults: A Martial Artists Guide to Weapons, Street Violence, and Countervailing Force by Lawrence Kane
o Description (Amazon.com Editorial Reviews Book Description)
This groundbreaking book teaches essential survival skills that can keep you safe on the street, covering awareness, avoidance, de-escalation, countervailing force, armed conflict, aftermath of violence, and weapon features/functions. A variety of scenarios help readers internalize this knowledge. Experienced martial artists, street-savvy professionals, and everyone in-between can benefit from this information.
o My Comments: Book contains a lot of good information on street assaults with weapons. The avoidance and de-escalation sections have very good information to try to get out of the incident without having to fight. The only drawback is there is not a lot of detailed advice on how to win the fight if it led to that, but the concepts and ideals are very good.
o My Rating: Very Good
o Amazon Customer Rating: 5 out of 5 stars (12 reviewers as of 5/7/07)

42. Tae Kwon Do Classic Forms by Ted Hillson
o Description (Amazon.com Editorial Reviews Book Description)
Forms are the central curriculum of Tae Kwon Do. Developing a repertoire of effective techniques to battle multiple opponents is essential to becoming a true martial artist.
Inside these covers are detailed descriptions for 21 classic Tae Kwon Do forms--fully illustrated, move by move. The author analyzes various actions, reactions, and combinations for their purpose and intention.
o My Comments: Very good reference material. While many of the forms are dissimilar to Han Moo Kwan, some of the forms are very similar and some of the techniques within other forms are similar as well. Book brought me insights regarding Tae Kwon Do forms and some possible insights into Han Moo Kwan forms and their applications.
o My Rating: Very Good
o Amazon Customer Rating: 4.5 out of 5 stars (7 reviewers as of 5/7/07)

43. Tae Kwon Do: Secrets of Korean Karate by Sihak Henry Cho
o Description (Amazon.com Editorial Reviews Book Description)
In this classic volume, illustrated with nearly 1,000 photographs, the author explains when, where, why, and how to best apply the deadly techniques of Tae Kwon Do. This book gives pinpoint explanations of the advantages and disadvantages of each move, analyzing them step by step from offensive, defensive, and counterattacking perspectives. The techniques presented are applicable to any martial arts system, making this book of interest not only to practitioners of Tae Kwon Do but also of karate and kung fu.
o My Comments: Excellent reference book of techniques and applications of techniques used in Tae Kwon Do. Very well illustrated.
o My Rating: Excellent
o Amazon Customer Rating: 5 out of 5 stars (4 reviewers as of 5/7/07)

44. Tales of Okinawa's Great Masters by Shoshin Nagamine (Author), Patrick McCarthy (Translator)
o Description (Portions of the Back Cover)
Tales of Okinawa's Great Masters features accurate historical accounts, as well as popular legends, of many great masters of karate and tegumi (Okinawan wrestling), including: Ankichi Arakaki, Gichin Funkakoshi, Kanryo Higonna, Anko Itosu, Chotoku Kyan, and Choki Motobu)
o My Comments: The stories and insights into some of the founders of Okinawan martial arts are very insightful. Gives one an understanding of the drive and changes made over time to promote the art form which one might believe is applicable to Tae Kwon Do in some ways as well. It was interesting to read the stories and antidotes related to these Masters, but not sure I was as wowed as some of the reviewers on Amazon. Many of the reviewers , though, seemed to be practitioners to karate and that might have made some of the difference.
o My Rating: Good
o Amazon Customer Rating: 5 out of 5 stars (10 reviewers as of 10/1/07)

45. Tang Soo Do – The Ultimate Guide to the Korean Martial Art by Kamg Uk Lee
o Description (Amazon.com Editorial Reviews Book Description)
This is the most complete reference guide to the Korean art of Tang Soo Do (Moo Duk Kwan) ever published. It covers the 19 forms from white belt to black belt (fourth dan master grade), explaining in step-by-step detail the various moves and techniques of each form. This guide also includes the complete lineage of the Moo Duk Kwan, which is the world's most popular style of Tang So Doo. The author, Grandmaster Kang Uk Lee, is the president and chief technical advisor of the international Tang Soo Do association.
o My Comments: Good reference material. While many of the forms are dissimilar to Han Moo Kwan, some of the forms are very similar and some of the techniques within other forms are similar as well. Compared to Hillson’s book, the two have some overlap in the forms and forms that are dissimilar. Overall, I think Hillson’s book was an overall better reference, but this book also brought other insights to me regarding Tae Kwon Do forms and some possible insights into Han Moo Kwan forms and their applications.
o My Rating: Good
o Amazon Customer Rating: 3.5 out of 5 stars (15 reviewers as of 5/7/07)

46. Tao of Jeet Kune Do by Bruce Lee
o Description (Amazon.com Editorial Reviews Book Description)
This is Bruce Lee’s treatise on his martial art, jeet kune do. This international best seller includes the philosophy of jeet kune do, mental and physical training, martial qualities, attack, and strategy. BEST SELLER!
o My Comments: Not easy to read. It contains a lot of anecdotes, comments, and illustrations. Book is a collection of Bruce Lee’s notes. However, a careful study can bring about a deeper insight and understanding from a master of the arts.
o My Rating: Very Good
o Amazon Customer Rating: 4.5 out of 5 stars (146 reviewers as of 5/7/07)

47. Teaching Martial Arts by Tony Gummerson
o Description (Amazon.com Editorial Reviews Product Description)
A guide for those martial arts practitioners interested in coaching. It covers such topics as the role of the coach, lesson plans and training diaries, introducing new techniques, and feedback and assessment.
o My Comments: This book provides very good information on how to be a more effective coach/instructor. It does contain some information up front on teaching children that is not applicable to our Club. However, it describes and provides data that validates many things we have experienced at the club relatively to ability to retain information, how long it takes to adequately learn information, aging process and how in martial arts, overall skills continues even though fitness declines with age. The information n lessons plans and training and very good and again matches our experience at the Club. Of the data presented, I wish the source of the data was provided. I also wish he went into more detail in some area. Overall, I believe this book enhances the other martial arts instruction books I have read to date.
o My Rating: Very Good
o Amazon Customer Rating: 5 out of 5 stars (1 reviewer as of 4/17/09)

48. Teaching Martial Arts – The Way of the Master by Sang H. Kim
o Description (Amazon.com Editorial Reviews Book Description)
In the last seven years, Teaching Martial Arts has become the classic text for martial arts instructors. Turtle Press is pleased to release this revised, updated and expanded second edition.
In a revolutionary approach, Sang H. Kim Ph.D has blended his extensive knowledge of martial art training with modern and classical teaching methodology to create a system of teaching martial arts for the 21st century. This book is filled with practical information to help you lead your students from white belt to black belt and beyond including detailed methods for:
* planning classes at every skill level * motivating students * organizing seminars * preparing for competitions * planning demonstrations * reducing dropouts
o My Comments: Book presents some good top-level information and some good overview. For our club much of it is not applicable, such as demonstrations, teaching young children. The material did not have the depth as Kane’s book. For instructor’s just starting out, I would recommend this as introductory information to instructing.
o My Rating: Good to Very Good
o Amazon Customer Rating: 4.5 out of 5 stars (9 reviewers as of 5/7/07)

49. Training the Samurai Mind: A Bushido Sourcebook by Thomas Cleary
o Description (Amazon.com Editorial Reviews Product Description)
Through the ages, the samurai have been associated with honor, fearlessness, calm, decisive action, strategic thinking, and martial prowess. Their ethos is known as bushido, the Way of the Warrior-Knight.
Here, premier translator Thomas Cleary presents a rich collection of writings on bushido by warriors, scholars, political advisors, and educators from the fifteenth century through the nineteenth century that provide a comprehensive, historically rich view of samurai life and philosophy. Training the Samurai Mind gives an insider's view of the samurai world: the moral and psychological development of the warrior, the ethical standards they were meant to uphold, their training in both martial arts and strategy, and the enormous role that the traditions of Shintoism, Buddhism, Confucianism, and Taoism had in influencing samurai ideals.
The writings deal with a broad range of subjects—from military strategy and political science, to personal discipline and character development. Cleary introduces each piece, putting it into historical context, and presents biographical information about the authors. This is an essential read for anyone interested in military history and samurai history, and for martial artists who want to understand strategy.
o My Comments: Overall, I enjoyed the book. Each chapter was writings from a different person. There were chapters I enjoyed more than others. The ones dealing with character development or martial arts/warfare strategy I enjoyed more than those dealing with Japanese history and political issues. There were some themes that many of the authors had in common especially dealing with character development and leadership which led me to believe this is those areas that were emphasized in the Samurai training. From the perspective of understanding the code of the Samurai, I enjoyed more the Bushido: The Soul of Japan by Inazo Nitobé.
o My Rating: Good to Very Good
o Amazon Customer Rating: 4.5 out of 5 stars (4 reviewers as of 1/31/09)

50. The Twenty Guiding Principles of Karate: The Spiritual Legacy of the Master by Gichin Funakoshi
o Description (Amazon.com Editorial Reviews Review)
"Whether or not you practice the martial arts, they make a great deal of sense, and will take you far, as a philosophy of life." -BookLoons Reviews
"While focused on the practice and application of martial arts, this book's "pursuit of the way" has myriad applications for less physical forms of combat, work-related or otherwise" -Publishers Weekly
"Filled with philosophical musings, fascinating historical episodes, and advice for anyone seeking a better way." -Rafu Shimpo
"The Master insists on a training that involves both mind and body, to create a karate-do, a karate way." -Asian Week
o My Comments: Very good short descriptions of principles that a master of the arts thought were the keys to share with his students to really understand the true essence of martial arts. Many of these thoughts are based on quotes from other masters such as Sun Tzu and are mentioned in other Funakoshi books. For a short succinct book focusing on these principles, this is a good concise book.
o My Rating: Very Good
o Amazon Customer Rating: 4.5 out of 5 stars (12 reviewers as of 12/28/08)

51. Ultimate Fitness Through Martial Arts by Sang H. Kim
o Description (Amazon.com From the Inside Flap Editorial Review)
Ultimate Fitness through Martial Arts is a one-stop reference for martial arts students, instructors and coaches that includes over 200 new and traditional martial arts exercises, games and drills for developing speed, power, flexibility, timing, coordination, agility, balance, and mental strength.
*Variations for individuals, partners and groups
* Detailed explanations of fitness concepts
* Injury prevention
* Diet and nutrition
* Beginner, intermediate and black belt workout plans
* Exercise cautions
* Martial arts applications for all exercises
* Instructor guidelines
*Organized for easy reference
* over 200 photos
o My Comments: Book presents some good information on various exercises to improve all aspects of martial arts training. I was hoping for more drill/exercises that were specific to use for training inside the dojang. About half the drills are oriented to more generic exercises, such as wind sprints, jumping rope, etc. Overall a good reference source.
o My Rating: Good
o Amazon Customer Rating: 5 out of 5 stars (5 reviewers as of 5/7/07)

52. The Warrior Is Silent: Martial Arts and the Spiritual Path by Scott Shaw
o Description (Amazon.com Editorial Reviews From Publisher’s Weekly)
Shaw, the only American ever to be promoted to the rank of Black Belt in the Korean martial art of Hapkido by the Korea Hapkido Foundation, explores the spiritual discipline that is the foundation of martial arts practice. Shaw contends that martial arts is a method of "understanding and interacting with the unceasing energy of the universe, known as ki." Through a series of stages of meditation and practice, the martial artist is able to attain oneness with ki as well as to attain the status of an enlightened being who is "at war with no one." Shaw traces the historical development of the martial arts through their various incarnations in Japan, China and Korea. His historical scheme is especially valuable for its examination of the intersection of spiritual and martial arts disciplines in ancient China, Japan and Korea. Shaw then recommends practices that will help martial artists develop a mind awakened to the interaction of the physical and non-physical worlds, as well as techniques of meditation that enable the martial artist to understand ki and form a "conscious link between mind, body, and the spiritual energy of the universe." Shaw also includes techniques for refining the physical disciplines of the martial arts. Accompanying illustrations depict the various spiritual and physical techniques that Shaw recommends. Shaw's manual is an easy-to-read introduction to recognizing and developing the spiritual depth of the martial arts.
Copyright 1998 Reed Business Information, Inc.
o My Comments: Shaw had some interesting insights into the history of martial arts and how it relates to spirituality. He speaks and talks of meditation, how to use ki, how to develop ki. Overall I thought it was good. I wish he had more insights into the why and more details, but for an overview it was good.
o My Rating: Very Good to Good
o Amazon Customer Rating: 4.5 out of 5 stars (6 reviewers as of 5/7/07)

53. The Way of Kata: A Comprehensive Guide for Deciphering Martial Applications by Lawrence Kane
o Description (Amazon.com From the Back Cover)
THE PRINCIPLES FOR UNDERSTANDING KATA WERE LARGELY UNKNOWN - UNTIL NOW
The ancient masters developed kata, or "formal exercises," as fault-tolerant methods to preserve their unique, combat-proven fighting systems. Unfortunately, they deployed a two-track system of instruction where an ‘outer circle’ of students unknowingly received modified forms with critical details or important principles omitted. Only the select ‘inner circle’ that had gained a master’s trust and respect would be taught okuden waza, the powerful hidden applications of kata.
The theory of deciphering kata applications (kaisai no genri) was once a great mystery revealed only to trusted disciples of the ancient masters in order to protect the secrets of their systems. Even today, while the basic movements of kata are widely known, advanced practical applications and sophisticated techniques frequently remain hidden from the casual observer. The principles and rules for understanding kata are largely unknown.
This groundbreaking book unveils these methods, not only teaching you how to analyze your kata to understand what it is trying to tell you, but also helping you to utilize your fighting techniques more effectively—both in self-defense and in tournament applications.
•Fifteen general principles to identify effective techniques
• Twelve discrete rules for deciphering martial applications
• Comprehensive insights into kata history, strategy and tactics
• Vital physiological considerations
• Well organized materials for easy reference and comprehensive understanding
serious practitioner of traditional karate, tae kwon do, or kung-fu"
o My Comments: Great information related to background of forms, and deciphering the applications within a form. Although Kane background is karate – majority of his comments are applicable to Han Moo Kwan Tae Kwon Do
o My Rating: Excellent
o Amazon Customer Rating: 5 out of 5 stars (16 reviewers as of 5/7/07)

54. Way of the Peaceful Warrior: A Book That Changes Lives by Dan Millman
o Description (Amazon.com Editorial Reviews)
During his junior year at the University of California, Dan Millman first stumbled upon his mentor (nicknamed Socrates) at an all-night gas station. At the time, Millman hoped to become a world-champion gymnast. "To survive the lessons ahead, you're going to need far more energy than ever before," Socrates warned him that night. "You must cleanse your body of tension, free your mind of stagnant knowledge, and open your heart to the energy of true emotion." From there, the unpredictable Socrates proceeded to teach Millman the "way of the peaceful warrior." At first Socrates shattered every preconceived notion that Millman had about academics, athletics, and achievement. But eventually Millman stopped resisting the lessons, and began to try on a whole new ideology--one that valued being conscious over being smart, and strength in spirit over strength in body. Although the character of the cigarette-smoking Socrates seems like a fictional, modern-day Merlin, Millman asserts that he is based on an actual person. Certain male readers especially appreciate the coming-of-age theme, the haunting love story with the elusive woman Joy, and the challenging of Western beliefs about masculine power and success.
o My Comments: The book is more about the mindset and spiritual side of a martial artist than the art form itself. The story was interesting and the characters were enjoyable. Whether it is based on actual events or not, the spirit of a true warrior is brought to life in an enjoyable read.
o My Rating: Very good
o Amazon Customer Rating: 4.5 out of 5 stars (232 reviewers as of 12/1/07)

55. Zen in the Art of Archery by Eugen Herrigel
o Description (Amazon.com Editorial Reviews)
So many books have been written about the meditation side of Zen and the everyday, chop wood/carry water side of Zen. But few books have approached Zen the way that most Japanese actually do--through ritualized arts of discipline and beauty--and perhaps that is why Eugen Herrigel's Zen in the Art of Archery is still popular so long after it first publication in 1953. Herrigel, a philosophy professor, spent six years studying archery and flower-arranging in Japan, practicing every day, and struggling with foreign notions such as "eyes that hear and ears that see." In a short, pithy narrative, he brings the heart of Zen to perfect clarity--intuition, imitation, practice, practice, practice, then, boom, wondrous spontaneity fusing self and art, mind, body, and spirit. Herrigel writes with an attention to subtle profundity and relates it with a simple artistry that itself carries the signature of Zen.
o My Comments: This book is another example how an “art” is used to obtain a state beyond just the skills – the ability to combine mind, body, and spirit. This book contains fewer stories than Hyams book and more philosophy so I do not recommend it unless you have read other books to date on the subject of Zen & the arts. One particular item I did resonate with in this book was that we get in the way of our own self getting into touch with the energy side because we think too much. “You think that what you do not do yourself does not happen”. We focus too much on short term targets and not the long term target.
o My Rating: Very Good
o Amazon Customer Rating: 4.5 out of 5 stars (60 reviewers as of 12/7/08)

56. Zen in the Martial Arts by Joe Hyams
o Description (Amazon.com Editorial Reviews Book Description)
Under the guidance of such celebrated masters as Ed Parker and the immortal Bruce Lee, Joe Hyams vividly recounts his more than 25 years of experience in the martial arts. In his illuminating story, Hyams reveals to you how the daily application of Zen principles not only developed his physical expertise but gave him the mental discipline to control his personal problems-self-image, work pressure, competition. Indeed, mastering the spiritual goals in martial arts can dramatically alter the quality of your life-enriching your relationships with people, as well as helping you make use of all your abilities.
o My Comments: Enjoyed the stories. Not preachy, just related stories and how martial arts influenced his life; how lessons learned from martial arts applied to other aspects of his life
o My Rating: Excellent
o Amazon Customer Rating: 4.5 out of 5 stars (91 reviewers as of 5/7/07)

57. The Zen Way To The Martial Arts by Taisen Deshimaru
o Description (from Back Cover)
At last: a book on the martial arts from a true Zen master. Taisen Deshimaru was born in Japan of an old samurai family, and he received from the Great Master Kodo Sawaki the Transmission of Mind to Mind when Sawaki died. Deshimaru-Roshi went to France and taught as a missionary general of the Soto Zen School until his death in 1982. In Europe, he learned how to make Oriental concepts understandable to the Western mind. One of the results of that experience was this book: a series of lessons, question-and-answer sessions, and koans (riddles or anecdotes that point out general principles) that provide practical wisdom for all students of the martial arts – kendo, aikido, iai-do, judo, or archery – as well as the general reader interested in Zen.
o My Comments: The way it was set up, it is not very easy to read – the Q&A type style. I needed to read it more than once to fully grasp and pull in. Part of it is language. For a more Western style of writing and understanding of Zen, I would start with Hyams book.
o My Rating: Good to Very Good
o Amazon Customer Rating: 4 out of 5 stars (12 reviewers as of 5/7/07)

Regards,
Kelly